Abstract

PAREDES-ESCALANTE, Jesús Edén et al. Antagonistic microorganismos for control of the fungal complex that cause wilt in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico. Rev. mex. fitopatol [online]. 2009, vol.27, n.1, pp.27-35. ISSN 2007-8080.

The antagonistic activity in vitro of microorganisms isolated from chickpea rhizosphere, was evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Rhizoctonia solani, causal agents of chickpea wilt. The native strains with the higher percentage of pathogen mycelial growth inhibition were selected and identified as Trichoderma lignorum (CIAD 06-540903), T. harzianum (CIAD 05-550903), Bacillus subtilis (CIAD-940111), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (CIAD-990111). These strains and a commercial strain of T. harzianum (T-22) were mixed with Glomus intraradices and their effectiveness to reduce chickpea wilt was compared against a chemical treatment (PCNB) and an absolute control in the field. The seed was treated with the microorganisms before sowing and evaluations of disease severity were conducted each 15 days, while root colonization by the antagonistic microorganisms was assessed 45 days after sowing. Colonization of T. harzianum CIAD 05-550903 + G. intraradices was 3.3 x 10³ ufc/g fresh root-75% and B. subtilis + G. intraradices was 1.3 x 10⁸ ufc/g fresh root-75%; while the combination P. fluorescens + G. intraradices was 1.4 x 10⁷ ufc/g fresh root-88%. These treatments also showed a reduction of disease severity in 64, 57, and 51%, respectively in comparison with the control.

Keywords : Trichoderma spp.; Bacillus spp.; Pseudomonas spp.; mycorrhizae; biological control.

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