<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-899X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de El Colegio de San Luis]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Col. San Luis]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-899X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de San Luis A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-899X2019000100015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21696/rcsl9182019889</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La cara oculta de la inclusión social: Cortes genitales femeninos, rituales y salud]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The dark side of social inclusión. Female genital cutting, rituals and health]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Mir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Gandolfi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Madrid  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<fpage>15</fpage>
<lpage>46</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-899X2019000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-899X2019000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-899X2019000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El propósito de este artículo es exponer las dificultades y los conflictos que se suscitan a la hora de abordar un tema tan complejo como lo es la ablación femenina. El trabajo se basa en una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, complementada con trabajo de campo antropológico y entrevistas propias en Sierra Leona. Como resultados, se presenta el estudio de los efectos colaterales del corte genital femenino y criterios para medicalizar; los derechos humanos y el relativismo cultural al respecto, así como la descripción de ablación en Sierra Leona. De la investigación se desprende que estos rituales afectan no solo la salud, sino también dilemas éticos, filosóficos, morales y legales; implican los derechos humanos y el relativismo cultural. El valor y la originalidad del texto consisten en abordar con rigor un tema de alta relevancia, como lo es los cortes genitales femeninos, poco conocido en América Latina, a lo que se suma el trabajo de campo y las entrevistas. Se concluye que todo proyecto de investigación sobre ablación debe abordarse como un fenómeno holístico, como un hecho social total, que alcanza múltiples ámbitos de la sociedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Exposing the difficulties and conflicts arising at the time of addressing a subject as complex as female ablation is the objective of the article. The paper is based on exhaustive bibliographic review, complemented with anthropological fieldwork and interviews in Sierra Leone. Results obtained include: the study of the collateral effects of FGC and criteria for medicalization, human rights, and cultural relativism, as well as a description of ablation in Sierra Leone. Based on the research, it was found that these rituals not only affect health but also ethical, philosophical, moral and legal dilemmas involving human rights and cultural relativism. The value and originality of the text lies in thoroughly addressing a highly relevant topic as female genital cutting, relatively unheard of in Latin America, in addition to which there is fieldwork and interviews, from which it is concluded that any research project on ablation must be approached as a holistic phenomenon, as a total social event reaching into multiple areas of society.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inclusión social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ablación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sierra Leona]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social inclusion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ablation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmadu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rites and wrongs. Excision and power among Kono women of Sierra Leone]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shell-Duncan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernlund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Female &#8220;circumcision&#8221; in Africa: Culture, controversy and, change]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<page-range>283-312</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boulder, Colorado, Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Lynne Reinner Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almroth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almroth-Berggren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hasanein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Hadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Said]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hasan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lithell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A community based study on the change of practice of female genital mutilation in a Sudanese village]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>74</numero>
<issue>74</issue>
<page-range>179-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Althaus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female circumcision: Rite of passage or violation of rights?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>130-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Underland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Obstetric Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstetrics and Gynecology International, 2013]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjälkander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leigh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berggren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almroth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health complications of female genital mutilation in Sierra Leone]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Women&#8217;s Health]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>321-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female Genital Mutilation. A Contemporary Issue and A Victorian Obsession]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>402-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Debelle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female genital mutilation in Britain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ: British Medical Journal]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>310</volume>
<numero>6994</numero>
<issue>6994</issue>
<page-range>1590-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broussard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female Genital Mutilation: Exploring Strategies for Ending Ritualized Torture, Shaming, Blaming, and Utilizing the Convention against Torture]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Duke Journal of Gender Law &amp; Policy]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>19-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultural Relativism 2.0]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Anthropology]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>363-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La mutilación genital femenina, tan cultural que Sierra Leona se niega a prohibirla]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casajoana Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caravaca N.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Madrigal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una visión global de la mutilación genital femenina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Matronas Profesión]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>76-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fighting to Make the Cut: Female Genital Cutting Studied within the Context of Cultural Relativism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Northwestern Journal of Human Rights]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>128-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El Supremo anula la condena a una madre por la ablación de su hija]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País Cataluña]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chelala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An alternative way to stop female genital mutilation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>352</volume>
<numero>9122</numero>
<issue>9122</issue>
<page-range>126</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Case Against Circumcision]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mothering. The Magazine of Natural Family Living]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<page-range>36-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foldes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La medicalización de la mutilación genital femenina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Migraciones Forzadas]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>49</numero>
<issue>49</issue>
<page-range>82-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldestein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female genital cutting: Nursing implications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Transcultural Nursing]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>95-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrero Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reflexiones en torno al concepto de &#8220;hombre total&#8221; de Marcel Mauss. Ágora]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Papeles de Filosofía]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>49-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan Marcusan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aproximación antropológica a las mutilaciones genitales femeninas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Salud y Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>23-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan Marcusan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedoya Muriel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las mutilaciones genitales femeninas en España: Una visión antropológica, demográfica y jurídica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[En III Congreso de las Migraciones en España, Granada]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan Marcusan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hechavarría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonhoure]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health consequences of female genital mutilation/cutting in the Gambia, evidence into action]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reproductive Health]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>26</numero>
<issue>26</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan Marcusan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torán Monserrat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedoya Muriel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermúdez Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolíbar Ribas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las mutilaciones genitales femeninas: Reflexiones para una intervención desde la atención primaria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Atención Primaria]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>65-133</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kluge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female circumcision: When medical ethics confronts cultural values]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Medical Association Jornual]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>148</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>288-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[La Barbera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intervenciones sobre los genitales femeninos: Entre el bisturí del cirujano plástico y el cuchillo ritual]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Dialectología y Tradiciones Populares]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>LXV</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>465-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubinstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Judgin the Other. Responding to Traditional Female Genital Surgeries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Hastings Center Report]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>31-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Londoño Sulkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La circuncisión femenina. La antropología y el liberalismo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Antropología]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>531-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Fando Lavalle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García de Herreros Madueño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A propósito de un caso. Mutilación genital femenina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Actualización en Medicina de Familia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>383-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aproximación antropológica a la práctica de la ablación o mutilación genital femenina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos Electrónicos de Filosofía del Derecho]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>17</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scherf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekpo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walraven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The long-term reproductive health consequences of female genital cutting in rural Gambia: A community-based survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tropical Medicine and International Health]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>643-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obermayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female genital surgeries: The known, the unknown, and the unknowable]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Anthropology Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>79-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obermayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Health Consequences of Female Circumcision: Science, Advocacy, and Standards of Evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Anthropology Quarterly]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>394-412</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Condenada una mujer por la ablación genital que sufrió su hija en Senegal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prats]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Me fui para que no me mutilaran]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Mir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Articulación de los sistemas de salud en Sierra Leona. Perspectivas desde la antropología médica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gazeta de Antropología]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Criado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mutilación genital femenina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Enfermería]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>34-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sheddon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilkinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female genital mutilation and cosmetic surgery: Regulating non-therapeutic body modification]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bioethics]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>263-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shell-Duncan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The medicalization of female &#8220;circumcision&#8221;: Harm reduction or promotion of a dangerous practice?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Science &amp; Medicine]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1013-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shell-Duncan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From Health to Human Rights: Female Genital Cutting and the Politics of Intervention]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Anthropologist]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>225-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sipsma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ofori-Atta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ilozumba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karfo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female genital cutting: Current practices and beliefs in western Africa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of the World Health Organization]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>120-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female circumcision: A critical appraisal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Rights Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>437-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strzelecka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iskander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Respuesta nacional a la mutilación genital femenina en Egipto. Estudio de caso &#8220;FGM Free Village Model&#8221;]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina Bayón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[San Miguel Abad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Buenas prácticas en derechos humanos de las mujeres. África y América Latina]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>411-38</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid, España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Madrid]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Ngaitana (I will circumcise myself)&#8221;: Lessons from Colonial Campaigns to Ban Excision in Meru, Kenya]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shell-Duncan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernlund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Female &#8220;circumcision&#8221; in Africa. Culture, Controversy, and Change]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<page-range>129-50</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boulder, Colorado, Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Lynne Rienner]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Thompson Reuters Foundation</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Seeking fair elections, Sierra Leone bans FGM during campaign season]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tobella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las mujeres que aprendieron a defender su clítoris]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El País]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toubia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female Circumcision as Public Health Issue]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The New England Journal of Medicine]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>331</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>712-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>UNICEF (United Nations International Children&#8217;s Emergency Fund)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Changing a Harmful Social Convention: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Florencia, Italia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Gennep]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los ritos de paso]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid, España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alianza Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wassuna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Towards redirecting the female circumcision debate: Legal, ethical, and cultural considerations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[McGill Journal of Medicine]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>104-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>WHO (World Health Organization)</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Female genital mutilation. New knowledge spurs optimism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Progress in Sexual and Reproductive Health Research]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>72</numero>
<issue>72</issue>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
