Resumo

AMSLER, Francisco  e  GALANT, Michael. The growing burden of IMF surcharges: An updated estimate. El trimestre econ [online]. 2023, vol.90, n.359, pp.905-922.  Epub 19-Jan-2024. ISSN 2448-718X.  https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v90i359.1953.

This research estimates the weight of surcharges that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) expects to levy on middle-income borrowing countries during the 2023-2033 period. The evidence indicates that surcharges do not achieve their alleged objective of encouraging early debt repayment; rather, they increase debt burdens for those middle-income borrowers facing the most acute balance of payment problems, while the IMF profits from these crises.

Palavras-chave : IMF; surcharges; middle-income countries; indebtedness; crisis.

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