Introduction:

The use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has shown to modify the phenotype of erosive presentation in the endoscopic study, however, there are no studies in the pediatric population.

Objective:

To determine the impact of the use of PPIs in the diagnosis of erosive phenotype gastroesophageal reflux disease in the pediatric population.

Method:

Retrospective observational cohort study from January 2021 to August 2022 in patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease who underwent diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Children under 18 years of age in whom another esophageal pathology had been ruled out and who had a complete clinical record were included.

Results:

The erosive phenotype in gastroesophageal reflux disease was more frequent in the group that did not use PPIs, being found in 48 cases vs. 23 in those that did use it (34 vs. 16%; p = 0.001). In the analysis in relation to the Los Angeles esophagitis classification and use of PPIs, 37 patients were found in grade A without the use of PPIs (26 vs. 16%; p = 0.011), grade B (3.5 vs. 0%; p = 0.028) and grade C (5 vs. 0%; p = 0.006). There was a higher frequency of erosive esophagitis in patients with PPI suspension for at least two weeks prior to their esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Conclusion:

A statistically significant difference was found between patients with and without PPI use in the different grades of oesophagitis according to the Los Angeles A, B and C classification.

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