Abstract

VELASCO-GARCIA, Mario Valerio; SANCHEZ-ROSALES, Bertario; GOMEZ-CARDENAS, Martín  and  HERNANDEZ-HERNANDEZ, Adán. Genetic control and early selection of Pinus pseudostrobus var. apulcensis in Mixteca oaxaqueña. Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios [online]. 2026, vol.13, n.1, e4790.  Epub May 07, 2026. ISSN 2007-901X.  https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a13n1.4790.

The Mixteca region of Oaxaca exhibits high rates of deforestation and soil erosion. Native pines have potential for establishment in this region, but early genotype selection is necessary for greater success. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic parameters of dendrometric traits and identify the best families of Pinus pseudostrobus var. apulcensis for reforestation and timber plantations. In a three-year-old progeny trial comprising 64 families, phenotypic and genetic variation, heritability, and genetic and phenotypic correlations of growth, stem quality, and survival traits were evaluated. Three selection strategies (E1, E2, and E3) were used to identify the best-performing families. Phenotypic variation ranged from 22.2 to 42.9% and was much higher for survival (115.8%). Additive genetic variation was moderate (6.69-12.25%). Individual heritability ranged from 0.06 to 0.26, while family-mean heritability ranged from 0.10 to 0.35. Genetic and phenotypic correlations among growth traits were positive and significant. Strategy E1 identified families with higher survival, E3 selected families with greater growth, and E2 balanced survival and growth; two families (Chi04 and Jal14) were selected by all three strategies. The existing variation and genetic control in Pinus pseudostrobus var. apulcensis are adequate for genetic improvement. The choice of selection strategy will depend on whether priority is given to survival under limiting environments or to the improvement of dendrometric traits for timber production.

Keywords : Growth; stem quality; genetic correlations; selection strategies; heritability.

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