Resumen

ALVAREZ CEDILLO, Jesús Antonio et al. Review of the literature on the main pedagogical models used in basic education. RIDE. Rev. Iberoam. Investig. Desarro. Educ [online]. 2026, vol.16, n.32, e1059.  Epub 07-Mayo-2026. ISSN 2007-7467.  https://doi.org/10.23913/ride.v16i32.2874.

The literature has addressed different research related to learning at the level of basic education. This has given rise to diverse ways of looking at education, which has led to the adoption of different pedagogical models that, according to their nature, have approaches to the best way of teaching and learning. This article presents a review of the literature on the main models employed, which serve as essential reference points for any teacher. It is essential to recognize that a pedagogical model is the theoretical framework from which guidelines and strategies for organizing educational objectives-in order to sequence and prioritize content-are derived. Each model is also relevant because it allows relationships to be established between students, knowledge, and the teacher’s actions, which together determine how evaluation is conceived. As a basis for this research, and to understand the different pedagogical models applied in these studies, the different points of view on how learning takes place are presented, along with how teachers’ knowledge is enriched and how their capacity to appreciate the phenomena occurring in the educational process from different perspectives is strengthened. The findings reveal the prevalence of traditional and behaviorist models, alongside a transition toward constructivist approaches, culminating in the proposal of the Orchestrated Model of Pedagogical Adjustment (OMPA) as an integrative framework.

Palabras llave : education; literature review; learning; pedagogical models.

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