Resumo

MOLINA VARGAS, Alejandro; LOPEZ MARTINEZ, Jorge  e  GOMEZ CHINAS, Carlos. Analysis of position and commercial dynamism between the United States and China. Méx.cuenca pac [online]. 2024, vol.13, n.38, pp.9-35.  Epub 12-Ago-2024. ISSN 2007-5308.  https://doi.org/10.32870/mycp.v13i38.871.

The objective of the paper is to analyse the degree of openness and geographic concentration/diversification of trade of the United States and China in the period 1990-2021. To do this, two foreign trade indicators are used: the Openness Coefficient and the HerfindahlHirschman Index (IHH). The study shows that the United States has experienced a relatively smaller presence than China in international markets, and that in both economic powers there is greater diversification of products and export markets. Derived from the position and the growing commercial dynamism of China in international markets, in 2018 the United States began a change in trade policy, from a position of greater openness, towards the strategic construction of a protectionist regional bloc against China materialized in the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA).

Palavras-chave : trade opening; diversification of products and markets; protectionism; United States; China.

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