Resumo

ROJAS-JUAREZ, Lissete Abigail; JARAMILLO-VILLANUEVA, José Luis; VARGAS-LOPEZ, Samuel  e  CABAS-MONJE, Juan. Competitiveness and comparative advantage in beef cattle production in the Sierra Norte of Puebla, Mexico. Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.4, pp.879-897.  Epub 21-Mar-2025. ISSN 2448-6698.  https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v15i4.6530.

Beef cattle production systems in Mexico are socially and economically important because they contribute to economic development by generating employment and income. Profitability and competitiveness in this subsector have been negatively affected by structural changes in government support as part of the economic integration of Mexico with the United States and Canada. An evaluation was done of the competitiveness and comparative advantages of beef cattle production systems in the Sierra Norte region of the state of Puebla, Mexico. Technical and productive information from 116 beef cattle production units were used in the policy analysis matrix method to identify benefits, restrictions and opportunities. Three production systems were identified: cow-calf (79 %), grower (13 %) and mixed (8 %). The private cost ratios (0.22 for cow-calf systems, 0.45 for grower systems, and 0.23 for mixed systems) indicated high competitiveness. The internal resources cost ratios (0.11 for cow-calf systems, 0.08 for grower systems, and 0.14 for mixed systems) implied they all have a comparative advantage. The effective protection quotients (0.55 for breeding systems, 0.16 for grower systems, and 0.64 for mixed systems) indicated that beef cattle production in this region lacks protection. The studied beef cattle production systems are profitable for the producers and for Mexico, but could clearly benefit from policy modifications aimed at generating positive incentives for production.

Palavras-chave : Cattle; Effective Protection; Private Profitability; Input Use.

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