Resumen

ESPINOZA-OROZCO, Luis E. et al. Optimizing nitrogen ratios for blueberry cultivated under saline medium. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2025, vol.16, n.8, e4138.  Epub 16-Feb-2026. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v16i8.4138.

Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) production in Mexico is expanding rapidly, yet nitrogen management and salinity stress remain major challenges. This study evaluated the effects of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) fertilization, with or without sodium chloride (NaCl, 30 mM), on growth, yield, and fruit quality of ‘Biloxi’ blueberry grown in coconut fiber substrate. A completely randomized 3x3 factorial design plus control was applied, varying nitrogen source, concentration (75% and 100%), and salinity. NH4+ significantly increased biomass (121.2%), flower production (316%), fruit number (231%) and yield (162.7%) compared with NO3-. A 100% N rate enhanced shoots (19.5%) and fruit count (43.4%) but reduced fruit size. Salinity reduced fruit number (-70.3%) and yield (-53.1%) without affecting vegetative growth. Significant interactions among nitrogen source, concentration and salinity influenced flowering, quality and agronomic traits. Results indicate NH4+ based fertilization improves blueberry productivity under saline conditions, supporting more efficient nitrogen management strategies.

Palabras llave : Vaccinium corymbosum L.; ammonium; nitrate; stress; quality; yield.

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