Abstract

VELAZQUEZ-FLORES, Alejandra et al. Biological control of anthracnose using antagonistic microorganisms in Coffea arabica in the State of Mexico. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2025, vol.16, n.7, e3876.  Epub Feb 13, 2026. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v16i7.3876.

Coffee in Mexico is important for the economy, generating jobs and foreign exchange; nevertheless, it faces phytosanitary problems such as anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp., which is managed through chemical products, affecting the environment, so it is necessary to look for friendlier alternatives to control this disease. The research aimed to evaluate the antagonistic effect of three microorganisms (Trichoderma sp., Bacillus sp., and Verticillium sp.) against Colletotrichum sp., in samples collected in the municipalities of Temascaltepec and Tejupilco, State of Mexico on different dates in 2024. The experiment was conducted in the Phytopathology Laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural, Aquaculture and Forestry Research and Training of the State of Mexico. Antagonistic strains were confronted in vitro against Colletotrichum sp., calculating the following with the ImagenJ software: a) degree of mycoparasitism and b) percentage of growth inhibition. To determine the mode of action of the antagonism, an Anova and a Tukey comparison of means (p > 0.05) were performed. It was observed that Trichoderma sp. presented the highest degree of inhibition on the phytopathogen with 85.15%, Bacillus sp. with 59.27%, and Verticillium sp. with 47.08%. It was concluded that Trichoderma sp. was the microorganism that has the greatest antagonistic effect, which suggested the feasibility of conducting field research to evaluate the impact of this microorganism in the control of the disease under natural conditions.

Keywords : Bacillus sp.; Colletotrichum sp.; Trichoderma sp.; Verticillium sp..

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