Abstract

GARCIA-MARTINEZ, Mónica Ivonne; ANTONIO-NEMIGA, Xanat; RAMIREZ-DAVILA, José Francisco  and  SALAZAR-GARIBAY, Adán. Estimation of corn yield thro ugh image treatments obtained by Sentinel 2: case of Las Arenas, Acambay. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2025, vol.16, n.3, e3636.  Epub Aug 12, 2025. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v16i3.3636.

Corn (Zea mays L.) is the basis of food and culture in the state of Mexico, so estimating its production to sustain a growing population is a current need. Therefore, images obtained by ESA Copernicus’ Sentinel 2 were used to estimate corn yield in plots in the localities of Las Arenas, Acambay, state of Mexico. The efficiency of various indices and biophysical indicators calculated with information from these images was tested to establish their correlation against the harvest measured in the field. The indices calculated in Sentinel 2 were: NDVI and EVI and the LAI and FAPAR indicators. In this region and under conditions of intense drought, the NDVI calculated in Sentinel 2 had the best predictive ability for corn yield (model fit r2= 0.79). Based on the correlation, the production of 10 randomly selected plots was estimated, demonstrating that, in the range of values between 0.4 and 0.5, NDVI is an excellent predictor of corn harvest under drought conditions, whereas higher NDVI values tend to overestimate yield by up to 1 t ha-1. This information is useful for estimating the harvest and insurance of agricultural production.

Keywords : biophysical indicators; corn production; vegetation indices.

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