Abstract

SAUCEDA-ACOSTA, Carlos Patricio et al. Leaf and grain morphology of Glycine max L. using digital images. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.7, e2912.  Epub May 27, 2025. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v15i7.2912.

Leaf and grain morphology of soybean (Glycine max L.) is necessary to identify varieties and explain their agronomic behavior, but it requires quantitative and easy-to-obtain measurements. This can be solved by digital image analysis (DIA); therefore, it was implemented to evaluate the leaf and grain morphology in the Cajeme, Guayparime S-10, and Harbar ’88 varieties. The DIA was automated in ImageJ 1.51 t to measure size, length, width, circularity, and color in leaflets (cm) and grains (mm). Specific leaf area (SLA, cm2 g-1), total grain area (TA, mm2), number of pods (NPP) and grains per plant (NGP), hectoliter weight (HEW, kg hl-1) and 100 grains (WHG, g) were also measured. The central leaflet was elliptical in shape, larger in size, and had SLA (p≤ 0.05), while the lateral ones were oval. Leaflet area (LA) was correlated (p≤ 0.01) with length, width, and their product (r≥ 0.93). Cajeme showed different leaf color (p≤ 0.01); Guayparime S-10 had higher LA, HEW, NPP and NGP but a grain that is smaller in size, length and width (p≤ 0.01). WHG was associated (p≤ 0.01) with TA (rs= 0.89), size (rs= 0.88), grain length and width (rs≥ 0.71), and leaf size (rs= -0.5). Harbar ’88 showed brighter grain, and Guayparime S-10 smaller grain (p≤ 0.01). The circularity of the leaflet facilitates the objective classification of the shape. The DIA is useful for phenotyping; it allows the identification of differences in leaflets and grains of the Cajeme, Guayparime S-10, and Harbar ’88 varieties.

Keywords : Glycine max; color; ImageJ; shape; size.

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