Resumen

MEDINA-CAZARES, Tomás; SOLIS-MOYA, Ernesto; GRAGEDA-CABRERA, Oscar Arath  y  GONZALEZ-FIGUEROA, Sarahyt Santamaría. Narrow- and broadleaf weed control in wheat. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.6, e3105.  Epub 17-Mar-2025. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v15i6.3105.

Long-term use of herbicides leads to resistance problems; therefore, the biological effectiveness of new treatments needs to be determined. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of herbicides applied postemergence on weeds [Avena fatua L., Phalaris spp., Brassica nigra (L.) W. D. J. Koch and Chenopodium album L.]; for this, a trial was established in the autumn-winter 2019-2020 cycle, using the experimental design of randomized complete blocks with four replications. Five herbicide treatments (T2: mesosulfuron-methyl 1%/iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.2%; T3: iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium 0.9%/mesosulfuron-methyl 4.5%/thiencarbazone-methyl 2.25%/mefenpyr-diethyl 13.5% + methylated vegetable oil; T4: flucarbazone sodium 70% + clodinafop-propargil 0.8%; T5: tralkoxydim 25%; T6: pinoxaden 0.5% + rapeseed oil 45%) and a control without application (T1) were evaluated. The variables evaluated were phytotoxicity to the crop, population and weed control. At harvest, the following were determined: plant height, spike length, yield, the weight of 1 000 grains, and the hectoliter weight of wheat. The T2 and T3 treatments controlled A. fatua and Phalaris spp. to a lesser extent and B. nigra and C. album to a greater extent in addition to causing a higher degree of phytotoxicity; T6 and T4 better controlled the populations of A. fatua and Phalaris spp., with an intermediate performance for broadleaf weeds; T5 showed poor control for both narrow- and broadleaf weeds. The herbicides that controlled weed populations and increased yield were T2 and T3, controlling broadleaf species, and T4 and T6, controlling narrow- and broadleaf weeds.

Palabras llave : Triticum aestivum L.; herbicides; resistance.

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