Abstract

RUBIO-OCHOA, Eréndira et al. Mutagenesis by gamma radiation for genetic improvement of food-important plants. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.5, e3747.  Epub Dec 03, 2024. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v15i5.3747.

Mutagenesis induced by physical agents such as Co60 gamma radiation in plant cells or tissues generates structural changes in deoxyribonucleic acid and has increased genetic variability in crops of agricultural importance. Often, the starting material is plant species established in in vitro cultures, which facilitates the management and control of physicochemical conditions in addition to increasing the number of repetitions in a minimum space. As a product, it is expected to obtain improved varieties with tolerance to biotic or abiotic factors in addition to improving morphological and nutritional qualities. This review of the art study compiled information from the last 10 years to provide a current overview of the effect of gamma radiation on plant tissues in vitro, addressing from radiation sources, types of damage and repair mechanisms of deoxyribonucleic acid, in addition to the use of molecular markers to evidence variations at the genetic level. Success cases for crops of agro-industrial importance in Mexico will be analyzed, sharing the current expectations in the use of this technology.

Keywords : ionizing radiation; plant breeding; plant tissue culture..

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