Abstract

LAGUNES-DOMINGUEZ, Abimael et al. Agro-morphological characterization in Aloe vera genotypes in two states of Mexico. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.3, e3659.  Epub Aug 25, 2024. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v15i3.3659.

In the last decade, the pharmaceutical industry has shown great interest in the cultivation of aloe vera [Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F.]. In Mexico, it is grown in different states and agroecological conditions. This study aimed to characterize in situ the agro-morphological characteristics of aloe vera at two sites in the states of Puebla and Veracruz, Mexico. In the 2019 agricultural cycle, two-year-old aloe vera plants were collected in both agroecological regions during both the dry and rainy seasons. The agro-morphological variables recorded were: leaf length, width, contour, thickness and weight, useful leaf weight, residue weight, gel weight, and skin weight. The edaphic variables analyzed were: pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, texture, bulk density, total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In addition, the altitude and average temperature and precipitation of each site were recorded. The variables were analyzed through an analysis of variance, principal components and Pearson’s correlation using the Rstudio program and the Statistical Analysis System. Significantly higher values (p≤ 0.05) were found in 60% of the agro-morphological variables of materials 1P, 2P, and 2V compared to 1V. According to the principal component analysis, the first two principal components accounted for 98.22% of the total morphological variability in the materials evaluated by site. There was a correlation between one geophysical variable, two climatic variables, two edaphic variables and morphological variables, except for leaf width. It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the agro-morphological characteristics of aloe vera and the agroecological conditions of the site.

Keywords : agroecosystems; aloe vera; drought; agroecological zones.

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