Objective:

To estimate the relationship between firm size and innovation capacity in OECD countries and key partners, considering contextual disparities and moderating factors.

Methodology:

A meta-analysis was conducted on 51 empirical studies published between 2000 and 2023, with a combined sample of 65001 firms. An importance-performance matrix and a multivariate meta-regression model were used to analyze moderators.

Results:

A positive and significant relationship was found between firm size and innovation (z = 0.233), with high heterogeneity (I2=98.3%) and no publication bias.

Limitations:

The study is limited to data from OECD countries or affiliates; therefore, the results are not generalizable.

Originality:

This is the first meta-analysis from Mexico on this relationship. It provides a novel, replicable, and comparative methodological approach.

Conclusions:

Firm size influences innovation, but other factors such as institutional environment, national development level, and business strategy also play a key role.

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