Abstract

BORJA RODRIGUEZ, Blanca Araceli  and  SANDOVAL, Seyka. Effects of the Specialization in Vegetables for Exportation in Mexico: Institutional Aspects before Revealed Comparative Advantages and Productive Sustainability. Norteamérica [online]. 2024, vol.19, n.2, pp.9-33.  Epub Oct 20, 2025. ISSN 2448-7228.  https://doi.org/10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2024.2.651.

Productive specialization in Mexico has been promoted based on comparative advantages in trade with the United States, within the framework of the United States-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) Treaty. This explains the changes in the productive structure, its technical and organizational bases, as well as in the standards in labor demand. This paper states that productive specialization in vegetables is based on the competitiveness of dwindling productive resources, which questions the sustainability of the productive profile. In the outcomes, it is shown that productive specialization focused on some agricultural crops has increased. Nevertheless, revealed comparative advantages, and the complexity indicator shows a specialization in low value activities, which explains the dismantling of regional economy and challenges for the productive phasing based on the development of a driving force. Combined with the rising water stress in key agricultural regions, it shows the contradictions in productive specialization models proposed by classical, neoclassical, and structuralist theories.

Keywords : specialization; horticultural production; water stress; comparative advantages; T-MEC.

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