Resumen

ORTEGA, Rocio et al. Ethnobotanical Medica, Pharmacology and Phytochemistry of the Species Salvia del Valle de México: A Review. J. Mex. Chem. Soc [online]. 2024, vol.68, n.4, pp.774-832.  Epub 03-Mar-2025. ISSN 1870-249X.  https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v68i4.2288.

The Salvia genus is one of the most extensive in the Lamiaceae family. The Salvia genus comprises approximately 900 species worldwide, 33 of which exist in the Valle de México, the most populated region of Mexico. The taxonomic identification of these species often represents a problem because they present a great variety of synonyms or variations in their nomenclature, like S. polystachya with 12 synonymies. The traditional medicinal uses of Salvia species in Mexico are varied and include treatment for around 97 diseases. At least 20 species of the Salvia genus have well-documented medicinal ethnobotanical information with various uses, including gastrointestinal disorders, gynecological problems, promoting childbirth, antipyretic, disinfecting wounds, diabetes, and respiratory issues. The phytochemistry of the Salvia species from the Valle of Mexico is also vast and diverse; at least 315 chemical compounds have been identified, mainly terpenoids, that have received significant attention due to their multifaceted biological activities. Among the activities mentioned are anticancer, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, or anti-microbial. Some of the compounds present more than one biological activity. Given their extensive structural diversity, terpenoids represent a great source of compounds for developing new therapeutic agents. However, additional clinical and experimental studies are still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action, optimal doses, and potential toxicity of the isolated compounds.

Palabras llave : Salvia spp.; lamiaceae; medicinal plants; terpenoid compounds; phytochemistry; pharmacology.

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