Resumen

MENDOZA-LARIOS, Laura A.; CALDERON-GARCIDUENAS, Ana L.; ARREOLA-GUILLEN, Xóchitl  y  GARCIA-DOLORES, Fernando. Traumatic axonal injury: a review. Rev. mex. neurocienc. [online]. 2026, vol.27, n.4, pp.189-201.  Epub 20-Ago-2026. ISSN 2604-6180.  https://doi.org/10.24875/rmn.25000050.

A systematic review of current concepts was conducted to determine the focus of published articles. A systematic review was conducted using the keywords "Traumatic axonal injury (TAI)." The PubMed database was searched from January 2023 to October 2024. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used. TAI is a common pathology in traumatic brain injury. However, this diagnosis is generally not considered, except in its severe form, in a patient without specific or localized brain lesions, who is in a coma at the scene. In this review, articles on imaging studies and biomarkers constituted 55% of the publications. Neuropathological studies accounted for only 9%. It is necessary to perform postmortem histopathological examinations of patients with acute and chronic TAI to compare the findings with the results of controlled animal experiments. Research into the extent of neuronal and axonal damage and its chronology will allow a better understanding of the pathophysiology. This knowledge is essential for determining therapeutic targets.

Palabras llave : Traumatic axonal injury; Diagnosis; Biological markers; Neuropathology.

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