Resumen

DAVALOS-CABRAL, Natalia et al. Cavernomas: a literature review. Rev. mex. neurocienc. [online]. 2025, vol.26, n.1, pp.30-39.  Epub 23-Mayo-2025. ISSN 2604-6180.  https://doi.org/10.24875/rmn.24000034.

Cavernomas are slow-flow benign vascular lesions. Globally, they represent the second most common vascular malformation of the central nervous system. They primarily occur sporadically, with documented cases of de novo development, radiation-associated cases, or cases without identifiable risk factors. In their hereditary form, they are associated with the genes KRIT1, CCM2, and CCM3. The most frequent clinical manifestations include headache, seizures, focal deficits, and hemorrhagic events, with intracranial hemorrhage being the main cause of disability. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most precise diagnostic tool, allowing the classification of cavernomas based on the hemorrhage phase. Management varies from surveillance to surgical intervention, especially in symptomatic cases or drug-resistant epilepsy. Management during pregnancy should be individualized to avoid teratogenic effects. This article aims to review and update information on cavernomas, addressing their epidemiology, pathophysiology, predominant localization, and various clinical and imaging presentations despite their dynamic growth or association with underlying comorbidities in the context of a clinical case. The goal is to expedite accurate diagnosis and treatment, reducing associated disability in patients.

Palabras llave : Cavernomas; Intracranial hemorrhage; Magnetic resonance imaging.

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