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Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México
Print version ISSN 1665-1146
Abstract
RODRIGUEZ-MUNOZ, Lorena et al. Toxic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in a Mexican preschool patient. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2019, vol.76, n.5, pp.237-240. Epub Mar 13, 2020. ISSN 1665-1146. https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.1905.
Background:
Severe infections due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) have been identified in adults and may cause toxic shock syndrome, although with a low frequency.
Case report:
A preschool-age female patient, who started with an upper respiratory tract infection developing a gradual deterioration in the following three days, is described. She was admitted to the hospital in severe conditions, with tachypnea, tachycardia (200/min), hypotension (blood pressure 68/40 mmHg), capillary refill of 7 s, and erythematous maculopapular rash in thorax, abdomen and lower extremities. She received intensive management with an inadequate response. Furthermore, she developed multiple organ failure and died 8 h after admission. The blood culture was positive for S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis.
Conclusions:
SDSE is a rare pathogen in children. In Mexico, cases of SDSE have not been reported probably due to an inaccurate identification. Mexican pediatricians should be alert to this situation.
Keywords : Streptococcus dysgalactiae; Streptococcal toxic shock síndrome; Severe streptococcal infection.