Resumen

SANCHEZ-GUTIERREZ, Daniela M. et al. Heavy metals, metalloids, and minerals in cosmetics used in Mexico. Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient [online]. 2025, vol.41, 55416.  Epub 29-Jul-2025. ISSN 0188-4999.  https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.55416.

The interest in cosmetics is due to their wide use and poor regulation of their components, mainly if they contain potentially toxic elements that can enter the body by dermic and oral routes. This study analyzes samples of lipstick and eyeshadows, evaluating heavy metals in cosmetics at high, medium, and low-range prices in Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. The systematic analysis of heavy metals was carried out using sequential analysis X-ray fluorescence, microwave-assisted digestion, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometry, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Elemental scanning with X-ray fluorescence shows that low-range price lipsticks exhibited higher concentrations of vanadium, strontium, and yttrium than high- and mid-range ones. Meanwhile, mid-range lipsticks exhibited the highest zinc, copper, niobium, nickel, rubidium, and tin concentrations. Vanadium was found in high concentrations but with no significant differences between the three eyeshadow ranges. The elemental concentrations show high Ba, Cr, and Zn concentrations in all lipsticks analyzed, but Cd, Pb, and Mn were only in some samples of lipsticks and eyeshadows. The potentially dangerous minerals identified were bismoclite, barium sulfate, and lead chlorate, mainly in the cosmetic low range. The lipstick images show white amorphous grains and dark spherical nanoparticles containing O, Si, S, Bi, and Ba, with traces of Al, Ca, and Pb. High-price lipsticks have the lowest concentrations of heavy metals and, therefore, have lower health risks.

Palabras llave : lipstick; eyeshadows; vanadium; nickel; zinc.

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