Abstract

CARSI-BOCANEGRA, Eduardo Emilio; FRAUSTO-CARDENAS, Oyuki Yahaira  and  AGUILAR-QUINONES, Guadalupe Cristina. Incidence of osteopenia in premature newborns of less than 34 weeks' gestation in a neonatal intensive care unit. Perinatol. Reprod. Hum. [online]. 2014, vol.28, n.4, pp.193-197. ISSN 2524-1710.

Introduction: Every year, there are over 13 million premature infants worldwide. Osteopenia of prematurity is a metabolic disease in which demineralization of bones is seen; it is progressive and variable in severity. It is found in 30% of preemies less than 1,500 g and increases up to 50% if born weighing less than 1,000 g. Material and methods: A longitudinal, descriptive, prospective and comparative research was done including preterm babies of less than 34 weeks' gestation. A follow-up of serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase was carried out in days 7, 14, 21 and 28 of life. An ANOVA test was used for statistic analysis. Results: After 5 babies were discarded, 16 preterm newborns were studied, of which 11 were female and 5 male. General prevalence of osteopenia was 31.2% but it increased up to 75% in those children born weighing less than 1,000 g. Diminished phosphorus was observed as well as a tendency of the alkaline phosphatase to increase from day 14. Eighty per cent of the patients studied had respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia as well. Discussion: The risk factors identified were late enteral stimuli, prolonged parenteral nutrition, no use of organic phosphate, low amounts of vitamin D administered and no preventive physical activity. We noticed there are paraclinical data that may identify babies at high risk for osteopenia.

Keywords : Osteopenia; calcium; phosphorus; alkaline phosphatase.

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