Resumen

MARTINEZ-MALDONADO, Margarita et al. Mortality and sublethal effects of Solanum elaeagnifolium L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) extract, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos on Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) larvae. Acta Zool. Mex [online]. 2025, vol.41, e2760.  Epub 03-Nov-2025. ISSN 2448-8445.  https://doi.org/10.21829/azm.2025.4112760.

In this study, the toxicity and sublethal effects of an aqueous extract of Solanum elaeagnifolium on Chrysoperla carnea larvae, and of the insecticides imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos, were evaluated. Third-instar larvae were exposed to the treatments through ingestion using a modified feeding method under laboratory conditions. The results showed that chlorpyrifos had the highest toxicity, with a 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of 10.9 ppm and 100% mortality at 500 ppm. Imidacloprid had an intermediate effect, with an LC50 of 3.6 ppm (which was lower than the lowest concentration tested) and a maximum of 94.4% mortality at 500 ppm, while the S. elaeagnifolium extract had a lower mortality effect, with an LC50 that exceeded the highest concentration tested (>500 ppm) resulting in a maximum mortality of 42.2% at 500 ppm. However, at low concentrations (5-50 ppm), the effect of the botanical extract was similar to the control group, suggesting greater compatibility with the predator compared to broad-range synthetic insecticides. In terms of sublethal effects, S. elaeagnifolium extract caused pupal malformations, delayed adult emergence and caused abdominal necrosis, effects that were not observed with the same magnitude in the synthetic insecticide treatments. These results suggest that S. elaeagnifolium extract at moderate concentrations may be compatible with the natural enemy evaluated, facilitating its integration into integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.

Palabras llave : aqueous extract; predators; Chrysopidae; insecticides; toxicity.

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