Objective:

To assess factors related to changes in food insecurity (FI), based on information from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys 2012 and 2018-19.

Materials and methods:

The Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale was applied in both surveys. Using ordinal logistic regression models was evaluated the contribution of social programs and other sociodemographic variables on FI level among both surveys.

Results:

FI decreased 4.8 percentage points (p<0.0001), in the period. Beneficiaries of social programs showed higher FI levels than non-beneficiaries (ß=0.258, 95%CI: 0.192-0.325). Households with greater infrastructure (stove or oven and water service) presented greater food security.

Conclusions:

FI persists as a severe public health problem in 1 out of 5 households in Mexico, where deficiencies are greater. State comprehensive actions are required to strengthen structural factors and improve economic access for impoverished social sectors.

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