<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2011000700019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[TLD determination of neutron dose contribution in medical linac]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azorín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón-Arenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villaseñor-Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Unidad Académica de Estudios Nucleares ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zacatecas Zac]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<fpage>87</fpage>
<lpage>88</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000700019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000700019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000700019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The increased use of LINACs with accelerating voltage higher than 10 MV in clinical radiotherapy is producing an increasing demand of accurate dosimetric measurements of the photon induced neutron contamination of the radiotherapy beams, due that the associated bremsstrahlung X rays may produce neutrons as a result of subsequent photonuclear reactions with the different materials constituting the accelerator head. Thermal neutron fluences can be measured with TLD-600/TLD-700 pairs arranged in both a bare and a cadmium (Cd) foil covered methacrylate box. Neutron response of TL dosemeters irradiated with two different neutron sources has been investigated. The shape of the glow curve of these TLDs after irradiation in a medical LINAC and in a PuBe neutron source has been studied to verify the contribution of neutrons to an additional dose to staff, patients and the general public, due to photonuclear reactions generating neutrons from medical LINACs.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El uso creciente en radioterapia clínica de LINACs con voltaje de aceleración superior a los 10 MV está produciendo una demanda cada vez mayor de medidas dosimétricas exactas de la contaminación del haz de radiación por neutrones inducidos por fotones, debido a que los rayos X de Bremsstrahlung pueden producir neutrones como resultado de reacciones fotonucleares subsecuentes con los diversos materiales que constituyen el cabezal del acelerador. Las fluencias de neutrones térmicos se pueden medir con parejas TLD-600/TLD-700 cubiertas con cadmio o sin cubrir en una caja de metacrilato. Se investigo la respuesta de los dosímetros TL ante neutrones irrádiandolos con dos fuentes de neutrones distintas. Se estudio la forma de la curva TL de estos TLDs después de que fueron irradiados en un LINAC de usos médicos y en una fuente de neutrones de PuBe para verificar la contribución de neutrones a una dosis adicional para el personal, pacientes y el público en general, debido a las reacciones fotonucleares que generan neutrones en los LINACs de uso médico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Thermoluminescence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dosimetry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[accelerators]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Termoluminiscencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dosimetría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aceleradores]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>TLD determination of neutron dose contribution in medical linac</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>A. Cano<sup>a</sup>, J. Azor&iacute;n<sup>b, *</sup>, T. Rivera<sup>a</sup>, J.A. Calder&oacute;n&#150;Arenas<sup>a</sup>, L.F. Villase&ntilde;or&#150;Navarro<sup>c</sup>, and H.R. Vega&#150;Carrillo<sup>d</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>a</sup> <i>Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnolog&iacute;a Avanzada&#150;Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico Nacional, <sup>a</sup>Legaria 694 Col. Irrigaci&oacute;n, M&eacute;xico, D.F., 11500, M&eacute;xico,</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>b</sup> <i>Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana&#150;Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco, 186 Col. Vicentina, M&eacute;xico, D.F., 09340, M&eacute;xico, </i>e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:azorin@xanum.uam.mx">azorin@xanum.uam.mx</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>c</sup> <i>Hospital General de M&eacute;xico, Dr. Balmis No.148, Col. Doctores, M&eacute;xico, D.F., 06726, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>d</sup> <i>Unidad Acad&eacute;mica de Estudios Nucleares de la Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Zacatecas, C. Cipres 10, Fracc. La Penuela, Zacatecas, Zac., 98068, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 10 de marzo de 2010    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> Aceptado el 31 de agosto de 2010</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The increased use of LINACs with accelerating voltage higher than 10 MV in clinical radiotherapy is producing an increasing demand of accurate dosimetric measurements of the photon induced neutron contamination of the radiotherapy beams, due that the associated bremsstrahlung X rays may produce neutrons as a result of subsequent photonuclear reactions with the different materials constituting the accelerator head. Thermal neutron fluences can be measured with TLD&#150;600/TLD&#150;700 pairs arranged in both a bare and a cadmium (Cd) foil covered methacrylate box. Neutron response of TL dosemeters irradiated with two different neutron sources has been investigated. The shape of the glow curve of these TLDs after irradiation in a medical LINAC and in a PuBe neutron source has been studied to verify the contribution of neutrons to an additional dose to staff, patients and the general public, due to photonuclear reactions generating neutrons from medical LINACs.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Thermoluminescence; dosimetry; accelerators.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">El uso creciente en radioterapia cl&iacute;nica de LINACs con voltaje de aceleraci&oacute;n superior a los 10 MV est&aacute; produciendo una demanda cada vez mayor de medidas dosim&eacute;tricas exactas de la contaminaci&oacute;n del haz de radiaci&oacute;n por neutrones inducidos por fotones, debido a que los rayos X de Bremsstrahlung pueden producir neutrones como resultado de reacciones fotonucleares subsecuentes con los diversos materiales que constituyen el cabezal del acelerador. Las fluencias de neutrones t&eacute;rmicos se pueden medir con parejas TLD&#150;600/TLD&#150;700 cubiertas con cadmio o sin cubrir en una caja de metacrilato. Se investigo la respuesta de los dos&iacute;metros TL ante neutrones irr&aacute;diandolos con dos fuentes de neutrones distintas. Se estudio la forma de la curva TL de estos TLDs despu&eacute;s de que fueron irradiados en un LINAC de usos m&eacute;dicos y en una fuente de neutrones de PuBe para verificar la contribuci&oacute;n de neutrones a una dosis adicional para el personal, pacientes y el p&uacute;blico en general, debido a las reacciones fotonucleares que generan neutrones en los LINACs de uso m&eacute;dico.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Termoluminiscencia; dosimetr&iacute;a; aceleradores.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 78.60.Kn; 87.50.sj; 87.56.bd</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v57s1/v57s1a19.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a>  </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. NCRP, Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements <i>"Neutron contamination from medical electron accelerators" </i>(NCRP Report 79, Bethesda, MD 1984).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1988635&pid=S0035-001X201100070001900001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. J. Azor&iacute;n, <i>"LuminescenceDosimetry. Theory and Applications" </i>Ed. T&eacute;cnico&#150;Cient&iacute;ficas, (M&eacute;xico 1990).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1988637&pid=S0035-001X201100070001900002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. ICRP, International Commission on Radiation Protection, <i>"Conversion coefficients for use in radiological protection against external radiation" </i>(ICRP Publ. 74, 1997).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1988639&pid=S0035-001X201100070001900003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body><back>
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</article>
