<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092023000300224</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/111299</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Relación entre antibioticoterapia prehospitalaria y neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Relationship between prehospital antibiotic therapy and ventilator Associated Pneumonia in COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Relação entre antibioticoterapia pré-hospitalar e pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica na COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Samuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soni Aguilera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán Pimentel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Georgina Enid]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soto Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa Ivonne]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime Elías]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Veracruz ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital General de Zona No. 24 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Poza Rica Veracruz]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>224</fpage>
<lpage>228</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000300224&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000300224&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000300224&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  el uso indiscriminado de terapia antibiótica en los pacientes con COVID-19 se convirtió en una práctica médica habitual durante la pandemia. En el contexto de la enfermedad crítica por COVID-19 se ha observado una mayor aparición de infecciones asociadas a la ventilación mecánica. Derivado de esto, surge la necesidad de determinar qué papel juega el uso de antibióticos en la fase prehospitalaria de forma empírica en la aparición de neumonías asociadas a la ventilación mecánica.  Objetivos:  determinar si la administración prehospitalaria de antibiótico tuvo alguna relación con el desarrollo de neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica, así como en la mortalidad de los pacientes críticamente enfermos con COVID-19.  Material y métodos:  estudio de cohorte, retrospectivo y longitudinal. Se obtuvieron datos de pacientes adultos ingresados a la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital de tercer nivel con diagnóstico de COVID-19, que requirieron ventilación mecánica invasiva del 01 de marzo de 2021 al 28 de febrero de 2022. Los pacientes fueron clasificados de acuerdo con el criterio de haber recibido o no tratamiento antibiótico en la fase prehospitalaria.  Resultados:  se seleccionaron 58 pacientes, de los cuales 34 eran mujeres y 24 hombres; la edad promedio fue 57.7 años. Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la aparición de neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en el grupo de pacientes que recibieron terapia antimicrobiana prehospitalaria (p &lt; 0.001). Los microorganismos aislados más frecuentes mediante cultivo de secreción bronquial en el grupo de pacientes que recibieron antibiótico prehospitalario fueron en orden de frecuencia: Acinetobacter baumannii 27.5%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 12.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.5%, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 5%.  Conclusión:  en los pacientes críticamente enfermos con COVID-19, el uso de antibióticos en la fase prehospitalaria de forma empírica está relacionado con mayor probabilidad de desarrollar neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica, específicamente por causa bacteriana teniendo como agente etiológico más frecuente al Acinetobacter baumannii.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  the indiscriminate use of antibiotic therapy in patients with COVID-19 became a common medical practice during the pandemic. In the context of critical illness due to COVID-19, a greater appearance of infections associated with mechanical ventilation has been observed. It is therefore necessary to determine what role the use of antibiotics plays in the prehospital phase empirically in the appearance of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation.  Objectives:  to determine if the prehospital administration of antibiotics had any relationship with the development of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation as well as with the mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19.  Material and methods:  cohort, retrospective and longitudinal study. Data were obtained from adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital with a diagnosis of COVID-19, who required invasive mechanical ventilation from March 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022. The patients were classified according to with the criterion of having received or not, antibiotic treatment in the prehospital phase.  Results:  58 patients were selected, of which 34 were women and 24 men, the average age was 57.7 years. A statistically significant difference was found in the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the group of patients who received prehospital antimicrobial therapy (p &lt; 0.001). The most frequent microorganisms isolated by culture of bronchial secretions in the group of patients who received prehospital antibiotics were in order of frequency: Acinetobacter baumannii 27.5%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 12.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.5%, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 5%.  Conclusion:  in critically ill patients with COVID-19, the empirical use of antibiotics in the prehospital phase is related to a greater probability of developing pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, specifically due to bacteria, with Acinetobacter baumannii as the most frequent etiological agent. Empiric prehospital use of antibiotics increases the chances of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  o uso indiscriminado de antibioticoterapia em pacientes com COVID-19 tornou-se uma prática médica comum durante a pandemia. No contexto de doença crítica por COVID-19, observou-se maior ocorrência de infecções associadas à ventilação mecânica. A partir disso, surge a necessidade de determinar empiricamente qual o papel do uso de antibióticos na fase pré-hospitalar, no aparecimento de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica.  Objetivos:  determinar se a administração pré-hospitalar de antibióticos teve alguma relação com o desenvolvimento de pneumonia associada á ventilação mecânica, bem como com a mortalidade de pacientes críticos com COVID-19.  Material e métodos:  estudo de coorte, retrospectivo e longitudinal. Os dados foram obtidos de pacientes adultos admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital de terceiro nível com diagnóstico de COVID-19, que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica invasiva de 1o de março de 2021 a 28 de fevereiro de 2022. Os pacientes foram classificados de acordo com os critérios de ter recebido ou não antibioticoterapia na fase pré-hospitalar.  Resultados:  foram selecionados 58 pacientes, sendo 34 mulheres e 24 homens; a idade média foi de 57.7 anos. Encontrou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na ocorrência de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica no grupo de pacientes que receberam terapia antimicrobiana pré-hospitalar (valor de p &lt; 0.001). Os microrganismos isolados por cultura de secreção brônquica mais frequentes no grupo de pacientes que receberam antibióticos pré-hospitalares foram, por ordem de frequência: Acinetobacter baumannii 27.5%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 12.5%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.5%, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 5%.  Conclusão:  em pacientes críticos com COVID-19, o uso de antibióticos na fase pré-hospitalar está empiricamente relacionado a uma maior probabilidade de desenvolver pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, especificamente por bactéria, sendo o agente etiológico mais frequente Acinetobacter baumannii.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antibiótico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mechanical ventilation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ventilator-associated pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ventilação mecânica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[antibiótico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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