<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092023000200122</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/110448</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ventilación mecánica de protección pulmonar y diafragmática en terapia intensiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mechanical ventilation for lung and diaphragm protection in intensive care]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Ventilação mecânica para proteção pulmonar e diafragmática em terapia intensiva]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Celina Del]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital General de Zona No. 1 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Villa de Álvarez Colima]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>122</fpage>
<lpage>133</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000200122&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000200122&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000200122&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El enfermo crítico con ventilación mecánica presenta múltiples cambios deletéreos en la estructura y función del diafragma, denominados colectivamente disfunción diafragmática inducida por ventilador. Existen cuatro posibles mecanismos de miotrauma diafragmático: sobreasistencia ventilatoria, baja asistencia ventilatoria, miotrauma excéntrico y miotrauma espiratorio; los procesos moleculares y celulares subyacentes incluyen disfunción metabólica, estrés oxidativo mitocondrial y desequilibrio en la homeostasis proteica que culmina en atrofia diafragmática. La creciente comprensión en los mecanismos del miotrauma diafragmático, lesión pulmonar inducida por ventilador y lesión pulmonar autoinfligida da pie a un enfoque de ventilación mecánica en terapia intensiva que integre medidas de protección pulmonar y diafragmática: drive respiratorio, esfuerzo respiratorio, presión transpulmonar, presión intraabdominal, presión positiva al final de la espiración, manejo de asincronías, oxigenación y analgesia-sedación, además de considerar el tratamiento médico de las condiciones concurrentes con el objetivo de favorecer la liberación de la ventilación mecánica (VM), prevenir la discapacidad a largo plazo y aumentar la supervivencia, así como fomentar futuras investigaciones para la implementación en el entorno clínico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation present multiple deleterious changes in the structure and function of the diaphragm, collectively called ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. There are four possible mechanisms of diaphragmatic myotrauma: ventilatory over-assistance, low ventilatory assistance, eccentric myotrauma and expiratory myotrauma; underlying molecular and cellular processes include metabolic dysfunction, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and imbalance in protein homeostasis culminating in diaphragmatic atrophy. The growing understanding of the mechanisms of diaphragmatic myotrauma, ventilator-induced pulmonary injury and self-inflicted pulmonary injury gives rise to a mechanical ventilation approach in intensive care that integrates pulmonary and diaphragmatic protection measures: Respiratory drive, respiratory effort, transpulmonary pressure, intraabdominal pressure , positive end-expiratory pressure, management of asynchronies, oxygenation and analgesia-sedation, in addition to considering the medical treatment of concurrent conditions, with the aim of favoring the release of MV, preventing long-term disability and increasing the survival, as well as encourage future research for implementation in the clinical setting.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: O paciente em estado grave com ventilação mecânica apresenta múltiplas alterações deletérias na estrutura e função do diafragma, denominadas coletivamente como disfunção diafragmática induzida pelo ventilador. Existem quatro mecanismos possíveis de miotrauma diafragmático: sobrecarga ventilatória, baixo suporte ventilatório, miotrauma excêntrico e miotrauma expiratório; processos moleculares e celulares subjacentes incluem disfunção metabólica, estresse oxidativo mitocondrial e desequilíbrio na homeostase proteica culminando na atrofia diafragmática. A crescente compreensão dos mecanismos de miotrauma diafragmático, lesão pulmonar induzida por ventilador e lesão pulmonar autoinfligida dá origem a uma abordagem de ventilação mecânica em Terapia Intensiva que integra medidas de proteção pulmonar e diafragmática: drive respiratório, esforço respiratório, pressão transpulmonar, intra-pressão abdominal, pressão positiva ao final da expiração, manejo da assincronia, oxigenação e analgesia-sedação, além de considerar o tratamento médico das condições concomitantes, com o objetivo de favorecer a liberação da VM, prevenir incapacidades a longo prazo e aumentar a sobrevivência, bem como encorajar pesquisas futuras para implementação no ambiente clínico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diafragma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[miotrauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[atrofia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[drive]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diaphragm]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[myotrauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mechanical ventilation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[atrophy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drive]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diafragma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[miotrauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ventilação mecânica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[atrofia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[drive]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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