<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2014000200413</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La apertura comercial y su efecto en la distribución regional de México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garduño Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE) División de Economía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>322</numero>
<fpage>413</fpage>
<lpage>439</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2014000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2014000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2014000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La Nueva Geografía Económica (NGE) pregunta si el comercio conduce a una mayor concentración de la actividad económica. Sin embargo, pocos trabajos empíricos han evaluado los efectos regionales del comercio. Este artículo estudia la distribución regional de los beneficios del comercio en México después del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN). A diferencia de estudios anteriores, el presente estudio trabaja con datos municipales, lo que permite observar mejor las pautas de crecimiento espacial e identificar el efecto del TLCAN. Los resultados muestran que después del TLCAN, la producción por trabajador en las regiones cercanas a la frontera entre México y los Estados Unidos creció más rápidamente que en aquellas más lejanas. Además, el acuerdo comercial aumentó la desigualdad, lo que implicó una mayor concentración económica comercial e hizo que las ciudades crecieran más rápidamente que otras regiones. Asimismo, las regiones con una fuerza laboral más escolarizada pudieron beneficiarse más del TLCAN y crecer más rápidamente que otras áreas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT New Economic Geography (NEG) focuses on the question of whether trade leads to a greater concentration of economic activity. Little empirical work has been done on assessing the regional distribution of the impact of trade. Therefore, this paper looks at the regional distribution in Mexico of the benefits from trade after NAFTA. Unlike previous papers, this study works with municipal-level data, which not only makes it possible to observe the growth patterns across space more clearly but also to identify the effect of NAFTA. The results show that after NAFTA, output per worker in regions near the Mexico-U.S. border grew faster than that in those further away. Furthermore, the trade agreement increased inequality, implying trade increased economic concentration by causing cities to grow faster than other regions. Similarly, regions with a more literate workforce were better able to benefit from NAFTA, growing faster than other areas after the trade agreement.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[disparidades regionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[apertura comercial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[costos de transporte]]></kwd>
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