<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2306-4102</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta ortopédica mexicana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta ortop. mex]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2306-4102</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Ortopedia y Traumatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2306-41022016000100007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Artroplastía total cementada de rodilla: comparación entre el uso o no de isquemia en el resultado postoperatorio inmediato]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cemented total knee replacement: comparative study between the use or not of tourniquet on the inmediate results]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sierra-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Velazco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cisneros-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VM]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central Norte Petróleos Mexicanos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central Norte Petróleos Mexicanos Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central Norte Petróleos Mexicanos Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>12</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2306-41022016000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2306-41022016000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2306-41022016000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Comparar el resultado postoperatorio inmediato en el paciente sometido a artroplastía total cementada de rodilla con y sin el uso de isquemia. Estudio observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, analítico y unicéntrico. 180 pacientes operados de artroplastía total cementada de rodilla: 120 sin isquemia, 60 con isquemia, de 2011 a 2014, edad promedio 70 años con DE ± 7 años, se comparará el sangrado operatorio, diferencial de hemoglobina y dolor como criterios de resultado postoperatorio inmediato. Se excluyeron pacientes de clínica de dolor, manejo con anticoagulantes, coagulopatía previa, patología siquiátrica, insuficientes renales o con intolerancia a AINEs. En artroplastía total cementada de rodilla sin isquemia se presenta mejor control del dolor (p = 0.026). El diferencial de hemoglobina y sangrado operatorio es menor cuando está asociado al uso de isquemia (p = .008). Se requirió transfusión sanguínea en 32.8%, sin establecer una relación entre el uso o exclusión de isquemia con relevancia estadística (p = 0.301). El dolor referido más común se encuentra entre 0 y 3 de EVA correspondiente a dolor leve en 62.2% de los casos. El diferencial de hemoglobina promedio se reporta en 3.7 con desviación estándar de ± 1.3 en un rango de 0 a 7.4. Existe menor dolor postoperatorio en el paciente al que no se aplica isquemia durante el procedimiento quirúrgico; hay menor sangrado y diferencial de hemoglobina con el uso de isquemia; sin embargo, esto no representa estadísticamente una diferencia en la necesidad de transfusión sanguínea. Se recomienda utilizar con cautela la isquemia y su uso queda a elección del cirujano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Comparison of immediate postoperative results of patients undergoing cemented total knee arthroplasty with and without ischemia. Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, analytical, single-center study that included 180 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty from 2011 to 2014: 120 without ischemia, 60 with ischemia. Mean age was 70 years with SD ± 7. Criteria to assess the immediate postoperative results include intraoperative bleeding, hemoglobin differential and pain. Exclusion criteria comprised patients being treated at a pain clinic, those on anticoagulants, with a history of bleeding disorders, psychiatric conditions, kidney failure or those intolerant to NSAIDs. In total knee arthroplasty without ischemia there is better pain control (p = 0.026). The hemoglobin differential and intraoperative bleeding were less with ischemia (p = 0.008). 32.8% of patients required blood transfusion, but no statistically significant relationship was established with the use or non-use of ischemia (p = 0.301). The most commonly reported pain was within a VAS of 0-3; 62.2% of cases reported mild pain. Mean hemoglobin differential was 3.7 with SD ± 1.3 with a range from 0 to 7.4. Patients in whom no ischemia was used during the surgical procedure experienced less pain. There was less bleeding and hemoglobin differential with the use of ischemia. However, this did not result in a statistically significant difference in the need for blood transfusion. The use of ischemia with caution and according to the surgeon's preference is recommended.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rodilla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prótesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resultado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dolor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[torniquete]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Knee]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[joint replacement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[result]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tourniquet]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of factors affecting operating time, postoperative complications, and length of stay for total knee arthroplasty nationwide web-based survey]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yasunaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsuchiya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsuyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthrop Sci]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>10-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tourniquet time affects postoperative complications after knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivecrona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapidus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blomfeldt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Int Orthop]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>827-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tourniquet use in orthopaedic anaesthesia]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aziz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ES]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Current Anaesthesia &amp; Critical Care]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>55-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Early patient outcomes after primary and revision total knee arthroplasty A prospective study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barton-Hanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Finley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parkinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Surg Br]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>994-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in blood coagulation-fibrinolysis markers by pneumatic tourniquet during total knee joint arthroplasty with venous thromboembolism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kikkawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madoiwa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sekiya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayasaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>569-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are tourniquets in total knee replacement and arthroscopy necessary]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strover]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Knee]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>115-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Short-term recovery from hip and knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aarons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hughes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salmon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Surg Br]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>555-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nondrainage decreases blood transfusion need and infection rate in bilateral total knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirkale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tecimel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sesen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kilicarslan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dogan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>993-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Timing of tourniquet release in knee arthroplasty Meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Apsingi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poovali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Surg Am]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>699-705</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of outcomes with and without a tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcelik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pollock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sukeik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bettany-Saltikov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armstrong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fismer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>331-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anesthetic, patient, and surgical risk factors for neurologic complications after prolonged total tourniquet time during total knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horlocker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hebl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jankowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burkle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>950-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An effective bloodless surgery protocol]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Courtney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cushner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Long]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tech Knee Surg]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>188-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Westrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Effect of tourniquet and hypotensive epidural anesthesia on total knee replacements]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Abstracts from the AAHKS Eighth Annual Meeting, 261]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of tourniquet use on blood loss and incidence of deep vein thrombosis in total knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harvey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leclerc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brooks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>291-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of tourniquet use on blood loss and soft-tissue damage in total knee arthroplasty a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Bone Joint Surg Am]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>2209-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How much blood is really lost in total knee arthroplasty . Correct blood loss management should take hidden loss into account]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sehat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Knee]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>151-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patients' perceptions and responses to procedural pain results from Thunder Project II]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puntillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ST]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanik-Hutt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Crit Care]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>238-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una nueva definición del "Dolor" Un imperativo de nuestros días]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Soc Esp Dolor]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>65-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monitorización del dolor Recomendaciones del grupo de trabajo de analgesia y sedación de la SEMICYUC]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chamorro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Med Intensiva]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>38-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pain relief as a human right]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP)]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pain assessment in the patient unable to self-report position statement with clinical practice recommendations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coyne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCaffery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manworren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merkel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pain Manag Nurs]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>230-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The visual analog scale in the immediate postoperative period intrasubject variability and correlation with a numeric scale]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeLoach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caplan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>102-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reliability of the visual analog scale for measurement of acute pain]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bijur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallagher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acad Emerg Med]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1153-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cancer-related pain-II Assessment with visual analogue scales]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruckdeschel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Psychosom Res]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>121-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The hidden threat deep vein thrombosis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>45-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is a tourniquet beneficial in total knee replacement surgery A meta-analysis and systematic review]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Knee]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>141-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Le garrot pneumatique d'orhopédie]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estebe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mallédant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Fr Réanim]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>162-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Padding under tourniquets in tourniquet controlled surgery Bruner's ten rules revisited]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kutty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McElwain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Injury]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The efficacy of tourniquet assisted total knee arthroplasty on patient-reported and performance-based physical function a randomized controlled trial protocol]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lohmann-Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holsgaard-Larsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Emmeluth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Overgaard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Musculoskelet Disord]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>110</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pneumatic tourniquet mechanical, ischaemia-reperfusion and systemic effects]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estebe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richebe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Anaesthesiol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>404-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New methods to lessen blood loss in TKA]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figgie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tech Knee Surg]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>198-205</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lower limb ischaemia and reperfusion injury in healthy volunteers measured by oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halladin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ekeløf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alamili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bendtzen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lykkesfeldt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Perfusion]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>64-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The incidence of large venous emboli during total knee arthroplasty without pneumatic tourniquet use]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parmet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pharo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>439-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new tourniquet system that determines pressures in synchrony with systolic blood pressure in total knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noguchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsuda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Higashihara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1050-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A meta-analysis of tourniquet assisted arthroscopic knee surgery]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TO1]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Knee]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>317-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thigh pain following tourniquet application in simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Worland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arredondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez-Jimenez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jessup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>848-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Faster recovery without the use of a tourniquet in total knee arthroplasty]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ejaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laursen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kappel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laursen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jakobsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasmussen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Orthop]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>422-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uso de isquemia en la artroplastía total de rodilla ¿Existe diferencia?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trueba-Davalillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez-Ahedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trueba-Vasavilbaso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obil-Chavarría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil-Orbezo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Ortop Mex]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>112-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
