<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-1124</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-1124</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-11242019000400855</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22319/rmcp.v10i4.4787</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Productive and economic response to concentrate supplementation by grazing dairy cows at high stocking]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Respuesta productiva y económica a la suplementación con concentrados de vacas lecheras en pastoreo con alta carga animal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albarrán-Portillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Benito]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-Albarrán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arriaga-Jordán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Centro Universitario UAEM Temascaltepec ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>855</fpage>
<lpage>869</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-11242019000400855&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-11242019000400855&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-11242019000400855&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Small-scale dairy systems contribute to ameliorate rural poverty and to local milk supply. Their sustainability is limited by high feeding costs, mainly from purchased concentrates (CC); whereas a higher reliance on quality forage may improve profitability; but high stocking rates may left high CC use. The objective of this work was to assess the productive and economic response by grazing dairy cows to levels of CC under grazing of ryegrass-white clover pastures under high stocking rate (4 cows/ha). Six Holstein milking cows were replicated assigned 3 X 3 Latin Square arrangements. Daily milk yield and composition were recorded, and feed intake estimated from utilised metabolizable energy. Treatments were: T1= 1.0 kg T6= 3.0 kg and T6= 6.0 kg concentrate/cow/d. There were significant differences (P&lt;0.05) for milk yield, with T6 having higher yields than T1 and T3. There were no significant differences in milk protein or fat content among treatments (P&gt;0.05). Herbage intake was significantly (P&lt;0.05) lower in T6, with no differences (P&gt;0.05) between T1 and T3. There were no differences in margins over feeding costs, but feeding cost per kg of milk was 2.2 times higher in T6 compared to T1, and margin per kilo of milk was 26 % higher in T1 than T6. Although milk yields are higher with T6, T1 and T3 require less expenditures and margins are similar. Supplementation may alleviate high grazing pressure that deteriorates pastures, ensuring the long-term sustainability of small-scale dairy farming systems.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los sistemas de producción de leche en pequeña escala contribuyen a mejorar las condiciones de pobreza rural y a incrementar el suministro local de leche. Su sostenibilidad está limitada por los altos costos de alimentación, sobre todo por la compra de concentrados (CC), mientras que el pastoreo de forrajes de alta calidad puede mejorar la rentabilidad. No obstante, la alta carga animal puede justificar el uso de una gran cantidad de CC. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la respuesta productiva y económica de las vacas lecheras de pastoreo a los niveles de CC bajo pastoreo de ballico asociado con trébol blanco con una alta carga animal (4 vacas/ha). Se utilizó un diseño de 3 X 3, repetido con seis vacas lecheras Holstein agrupadas en tríos por cuadro, registrando el rendimiento diario y la composición de la leche, así como la ingesta de pasto calculada a partir de la energía metabolizable utilizada. Los tratamientos fueron: T1= 1.0 kg, T3= 3.0 kg y T6=6.0 kg de concentrado/vaca/día. Hubo diferencias significativas (P&lt;0.05) en el rendimiento de leche, el cual fue más elevado con el T6 que con el T1 y el T3. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los tres tratamientos en lo que respecta a los contenidos de proteína de leche o grasa (P&gt;0.05). La ingesta de pastos fue significativamente (P&lt;0.05) menor en el T6, sin diferencias (P&gt;0.05) entre el T1 y el T3. No hubo diferencias en los márgenes sobre los costos de alimentación, pero el costo de alimentación por kilo de leche fue 2.2 veces más alto en el T6 que en el T1, y el margen por kilo de leche fue 26 % más alto en el T1 que en el T6. Si bien los rendimientos de leche son superiores con el T6, el T1 y el T3 requieren menos gastos y tienen márgenes similares. La suplementación puede aligerar la elevada presión del pastoreo que deteriora las praderas, asegurando una sostenibilidad a largo plazo de los sistemas de producción de leche en pequeña escala.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Milk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Supplements]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Concentrate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Intake]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stoking rate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cost]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Leche]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Suplementos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Concentrado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ingesta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Densidad de población]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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