<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-7063</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Enfermería universitaria]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Enferm. univ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-7063</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-70632019000400424</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/eneo.23958421e.2019.4.735</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El objeto de conocimiento en la investigación cualitativa: un asunto epistemológico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The object of knowledge in qualitative research: an epistemological matter]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O objeto de conhecimento na pesquisa qualitativa: um assunto epistemológico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Elías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arbesú-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia División de Estudios Profesionales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xochimilco ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>424</fpage>
<lpage>435</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-70632019000400424&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-70632019000400424&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-70632019000400424&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  Los procesos reflexivos e interrogativos necesarios para desarrollar preguntas de investigación cualitativas efectivas, pueden dar forma y dirección a un estudio, sin embargo; a menudo se subestiman. Las buenas preguntas de investigación no necesariamente producen una buena investigación, pero las preguntas mal concebidas o elaboradas probablemente crearán problemas que afectarán todas las etapas posteriores de un estudio.  Objetivo:  Este artículo aborda el desarrollo de preguntas de investigación y cómo los procesos de generación y refinación de preguntas son fundamentales para la conformación de un estudio cualitativo.  Desarrollo:  Generar preguntas de investigación relevantes y adecuadas requiere que el investigador preste atención no solo a las preguntas en sí mismas, sino a sus conexiones con todos los componentes del diseño; es decir, los objetivos a los que pueden responder las preguntas; las implicaciones para las preguntas relacionadas con su marco conceptual; los métodos que podría usar para responder las preguntas y las amenazas de validez que deberá abordar. Al igual que con los otros componentes del diseño, reflexionar sobre estos temas es una herramienta extremadamente útil para desarrollar sus preguntas.  Conclusiones:  En los estudios cualitativos, el proceso continuo de preguntas es una parte integral en la comprensión de las vidas y perspectivas de otros. Es importante enfatizar que este tipo de investigación requiere que el investigador asuma una postura epistemológica, seleccione un método y también elija ciertas técnicas que le permitan recopilar información en el trabajo de campo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Although frequently underestimated, reflexive and interrogative processes needed to develop the research questions in qualitative research, can give shape and direction to a study. Good research questions do not necessarily produce a good research study, but badly conceived or elaborated research questions can create problems which will further have impacts on all stages of the study.  Objective:  This study addresses the development of research questions and how their generation and refinement processes are fundamental in the conformation of a qualitative study.  Development:  Generating relevant and adequate research questions requires the researchers to give attention to the questions and their relations to all the components of the design; in other words; to the objectives, the conceptual framework, the methods used, the possible implications involved, the validity, etcetera. Reflecting on these issues is a useful tool while developing research questions.  Conclusions:  In qualitative studies, the ongoing process of questioning is integral to the comprehension of the lives and perspectives of others. So, it is important to emphasize that qualitative research requires the researchers to adopt an epistemological posture by selecting methods and procedures which can support their field work information gathering.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  Os processos reflexivos e interrogativos necessários para desenvolver perguntas de pesquisa qualitativas efetivas podem dar forma e direção a um estudo, porém frequentemente são subestimados. As boas perguntas de pesquisa não necessariamente produzem uma boa pesquisa, mas as perguntas mal concebidas ou elaboradas provavelmente criarão problemas que afetarão todas as etapas posteriores de um estudo.  Objetivo:  Este artigo aborda o desenvolvimento de perguntas de pesquisa e como os processos de produção e refinamento de preguntas são fundamentais para a conformação de um estudo qualitativo.  Desenvolvimento:  Gerar perguntas de pesquisa relevantes e adequadas requer que o pesquisador preste atenção não só às preguntas em si mesmas, senão a suas conexões com todos os componentes do desenho: quer dizer, os objetivos aos que podem responder as preguntas; as implicações para as preguntas relacionadas com seu marco conceptual; os métodos que poderia usar para responder as perguntas e as ameaças de validade que deverá abordar. Ao igual que com os outros componentes do desenho, refletir sobre estes temas é uma ferramenta extremadamente útil para desenvolver suas perguntas.  Conclusões:  Nos estudos qualitativos, o processo contínuo de perguntas é uma parte integral na compreensão das vidas e perspectivas de outros. É importante enfatizar que este tipo de pesquisa, requer que o pesquisador assuma uma postura epistemológica, selecione um método e também eleja certas técnicas que lhe permitam recopilar informação no trabalho de campo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Investigación cualitativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pregunta de investigación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diseño de investigación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Qualitative research]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[research question]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[research design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pesquisa qualitativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pergunta de pesquisa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desenho de pesquisa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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