<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-6423</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Journal of applied research and technology]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[J. appl. res. technol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-6423</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-64232004000100001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[An Optimal chaotic bidirectional communicator for hidden information, based on synchronized lorenz circuits]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada División de Física Aplicada ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>5</fpage>
<lpage>20</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-64232004000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-64232004000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-64232004000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[An Optimal Chaotic Bidirectional Communicator for Hidden Information (OCBCHI) is presented. Its realization is based on a Standard Chaotic Bidirectional Communicator for Hidden Information (SCBCHI), that uses two Lorenz synchronized circuits with an open-loop explicit method. All the chaotic dynamics of the circuits were studied and analysed using DSP techniques. Regarding to our real-time application, -on bidirectional audio communications field-, the optimum conclusion was to make the synchronization and the hidden communication of the private information by the lower chaotic dynamic variable and the most higher chaotic dynamics variables, respectively. By the complete characterization of the bidirectional channels, we got the minimum parameters (i.e., time and spectrum magnitude) of the private information that it must have just to make a confidential and robust communication.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este trabajo se presenta un Comunicador Bidireccional Caótico Estandar de Información Oculta (CBCEIO), el cual utiliza dos Circuitos Sincronizados de Lorenz con un método explícito open-loop. Todas las dinámicas caóticas del circuito fueron estudiadas y analizadas usando Técnicas DSP. Por lo que se refiere a nuestra aplicación de tiempo real -en el campo de audio de la Comunicación Bidireccional-, la conclusión óptima fue hacer la sincronización y la comunicación oculta de la información privada, por medio de la variable baja de la dinámica caótica y de la variable alta de la dinámica caótica respectivamente. Por medio de la completa caracterización de los canales Bidireccionales, obtuvimos los parámetros mínimos (ejem: tiempo y magnitud de espectro) de la información privada que debe tener para hacer una comunicación confidencial y robusta.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Encrypted communication]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Synchronization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lorenz circuits]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>An Optimal chaotic bidirectional communicator for hidden information, based on synchronized lorenz circuits</b></font></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="center"><b><font face="verdana" size="2">R. N&uacute;&ntilde;ez</font></b></p> 	    <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n Cient&iacute;fica y de Educaci&oacute;n Superior de Ensenada, B.C. Divisi&oacute;n de F&iacute;sica Aplicada, Km. 107, Carretera Tijuana&#45;Ensenada, Ensenada, B.C., M&eacute;xico 22860. </i>Tel. (646) 175&#45;0555. E&#45;Mail: <a href="mailto:rnunez@cicese.mx">rnunez@cicese.mx</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Received: September 13<sup>th</sup>, 2001.    <br> Accepted: September 11<sup>th</sup>, 2003.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">An Optimal Chaotic Bidirectional Communicator for Hidden Information (OCBCHI) is presented. Its realization is based on a Standard Chaotic Bidirectional Communicator for Hidden Information (SCBCHI), that uses two Lorenz synchronized circuits with an open&#45;loop explicit method. All the chaotic dynamics of the circuits were studied and analysed using DSP techniques. Regarding to our real&#45;time application, &#45;on bidirectional audio communications field&#45;, the optimum conclusion was to make the synchronization and the hidden communication of the private information by the lower chaotic dynamic variable and the most higher chaotic dynamics variables, respectively. By the complete characterization of the bidirectional channels, we got the minimum parameters (i.e., time and spectrum magnitude) of the private information that it must have just to make a confidential and robust communication.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Encrypted communication, Synchronization, Lorenz circuits.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este trabajo se presenta un Comunicador Bidireccional Ca&oacute;tico Estandar de Informaci&oacute;n Oculta (CBCEIO), el cual utiliza dos Circuitos Sincronizados de Lorenz con un m&eacute;todo expl&iacute;cito open&#45;loop. Todas las din&aacute;micas ca&oacute;ticas del circuito fueron estudiadas y analizadas usando T&eacute;cnicas DSP. Por lo que se refiere a nuestra aplicaci&oacute;n de tiempo real &#151;en el campo de audio de la Comunicaci&oacute;n Bidireccional&#151;, la conclusi&oacute;n &oacute;ptima fue hacer la sincronizaci&oacute;n y la comunicaci&oacute;n oculta de la informaci&oacute;n privada, por medio de la variable baja de la din&aacute;mica ca&oacute;tica y de la variable alta de la din&aacute;mica ca&oacute;tica respectivamente. Por medio de la completa caracterizaci&oacute;n de los canales Bidireccionales, obtuvimos los par&aacute;metros m&iacute;nimos (ejem: tiempo y magnitud de espectro) de la informaci&oacute;n privada que debe tener para hacer una comunicaci&oacute;n confidencial y robusta.</font>	</p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/jart/v2n1/v2n1a1.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgement</b></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This work was supported by CONACYT, M&eacute;xico, under Research Grant 31874&#45;1.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#91;1&#93; N&uacute;&ntilde;ez P., R., "Implementation and testing of one Chaotic Bidirectional Communicator for Hidden Information, based on two Synchronized Circuits of Lorenz", Technical Report: UET588, DET&#45;CICESE, September, 2000.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814694&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#91;2&#93; Lorenz E. N., "Deterministic nonperiodic flow", J. Atmospheric Sci., vol. 20, pp. 130&#45;141. Mar., 1963.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814696&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> &#91;3&#93; M&aacute;rquez, A. and Alvarez G., J., "Circuit of Lorenz". Technical Report. CICESE, 1996.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814698&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#91;4&#93; N&uacute;&ntilde;ez P., R., "The Labview (Generator/Dynamic Analyzer) and Dadisp ATS's". Confidential Technical Reports, DET&#45;CICESE, 1998.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814700&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#91;5&#93; N&uacute;&ntilde;ez P., R., "Applications of the DSP in the modern instrumentation using the Dadisp and Labview programs". DSP Institutional course Notes&#45;EP631, DET&#45;CICESE, 1998.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814702&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#91;6&#93; Cuomo, K.M., Oppenheim, A.V. and Strogatz, S.H., "Synchronization of Lorenz&#45;Based Chaotic Circuits with Applications to Communications". IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems&#45;II: Analog/ Digital and Signal Processing, vol. 40, N. &#45; 10, October, 1993.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814704&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#91;7&#93; Carroll, T.L. and Pecora, L.M., "Synchronizing chaotic circuits", IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, vol. 38, pp. 4536, Apr., 1991.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4814706&pid=S1665-6423200400010000100007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><strong>Note</strong></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">A partial version of this work was presented as a poster in the 6 <sup>th</sup> Experimental Chaos Conference Postdam, Germany, July 22&#45;26, 2001.</font></p>     ]]></body>
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