<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-8421</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Economía, sociedad y territorio]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Econ. soc. territ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-8421</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio Mexiquense A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-84212024000300011</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22136/est20242063</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Remesas y crimen organizado: evidencia del cierre de fronteras ante covid-19 en zonas metropolitanas mexicanas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Remittances and organized crime: evidence from border closures from covid-19 in Mexican metropolitan Areas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villarreal Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Gerardo Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>76</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-84212024000300011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-84212024000300011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-84212024000300011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo analiza el impacto de la presencia del crimen organizado en las remesas en México durante la pandemia de covid-19. La hipótesis plantea que el crimen organizado ha capitalizado el incremento en los flujos de remesas como una estrategia para introducir dinero ilícito tras el cierre de fronteras. Se analizó el comportamiento de las remesas en 74 municipios de 23 áreas metropolitanas y se compararon los periodos previo y posterior a la pandemia. Los resultados muestran un aumento de 23% en las remesas en regiones con alta presencia del crimen organizado, frente a 8.47% en otras zonas urbanas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper analyzes the impact that the presence of organized crime had on remittances in Mexico during the covid-19 pandemic. Our hypothesis suggests that organized crime exploited the increase in remittance flows as a strategy to smuggle illicit money due to borders closures. In order to support this hypothesis, we analized remittance behavior across 74 municipalities from 23 metropolitan areas, comparing pre and post pandemic periods. The study found a 23% increase in remittances in areas with a significant presence of organized crime, compared to an increase of 8.47% in other urban areas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[remittances]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organized crime]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[difference in differences]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[poverty]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[covid-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[remesas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crimen organizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diferencias en diferencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pobreza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[covid-19]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abadie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Semiparametric difference-in-differences estimators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Economic Studies]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abadie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Athey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susan]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Imbens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guido]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wooldridge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeffrey]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[When should you adjust standard errors for clustering?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ArXiV. El servidor de preprints para temas de econometría]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do international migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1645-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams Jr.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuecuecha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Remittances, consumption, and investment in Ghana]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The World Bank Group]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albanesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Stefania]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jiyeon]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of the COVID-19 recession on the US labor market: occupation, family, and gender]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>3-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ambrosius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Government reactions to private substitutes for public goods: remittances and the crowding-out of public finance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Comparative Economics]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>396-415</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ambrosius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raymundo M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esquivel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[What drives remittances during a global shock? Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[School of Business and Economics, Leibniz Information Centre for Economics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antoniades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexis]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seshan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ganesh]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zubrickas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robertas]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does altruism matter for remittances?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oxford Economic Papers]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>225-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BBVA Research (Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario de migración y remesas 2022]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BBVA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Banxico (Banco de México)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sistema de Información Económica. Ingresos por remesas]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios de la O]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Inés]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz Terrazas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kathia Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endurecimiento de la frontera México-Estados Unidos y su impacto en la recepción de remesas. El caso de Ciudad Juárez en el contexto de Covid-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nóesis. Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>61</numero>
<issue>61</issue>
<page-range>47-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Breckin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edmund]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los Halcones: the forgotten children in Mexico&#8217;s organized crime conflict]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Children, Youth and Environments]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>119-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CNBV (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Panorama anual de inclusión financiera con datos al cierre de 2020]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CNBV]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Coneval (Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Metodología para la medición de la pobreza en los municipios de México, 2020]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Coneval]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunningham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Scott]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Causal inference: the mixtape]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Yale University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frankel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeffrey]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are bilateral remittances countercyclical?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Open Economies Review]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venegas-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A differential game on military intervention and competition between drug cartels]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>603-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gauré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simen]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[OLS with multiple high dimensional category variables]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computational Statistics &amp; Data Analysis]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<page-range>8-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thomas]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angrist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Noam]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldzsmidt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petherick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Toby]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Webster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron-Blake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emily]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hallas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Majumdar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saptarshi]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tatlow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helen]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A global panel database of pandemic policies (Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Human Behaviour]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>529-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hannan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Swarnali]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honjo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Keiko]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raissi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mehdi]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mexico needs a fiscal twist: response to covid-19 and beyond]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Monetary Fund]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sample selection bias as a specification error]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Econometrica]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>153-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saúl]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Van remesas a municipios controlados por el Narco]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Sol de México]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esam I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tariq A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ntoumi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francine]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osman]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ippolito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giuseppe]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mchugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Timothy D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Memish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ziad A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drosten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zumla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alimuddin]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eskild]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health-The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Infectious Disease]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<page-range>264-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IEP (Institute for Economics and Peace)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mexico Peace Index 2022]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Institute for Economics and Peace]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IMF (International Monetary Fund)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Policy responses to COVID-19]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Monetary Fund]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Inegi (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta Nacional de Victimización y Percepción sobre Seguridad Pública (Envipe)]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inegi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Inegi (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inegi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jijin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peshar]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alok Kumar]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nithin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macroeconomic determinants of remittances to India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Change and Restructuring]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>1229-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kpodar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kagni]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mlachila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Montfort]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qayyum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saad]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gammadigbe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vigninou]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Defying the odds: remittances held up during the COVID-19 pandemic]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centre for Economic Policy Research]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magaloni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matanock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aila]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diaz Cayeros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vidal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Living in fear: the dynamics of extortion in Mexico&#8217;s drug war]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Political Studies]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1124-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsueda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ross L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of structural equation modelling]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Guilford Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza Cota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eliseo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are remittances a source of saving and investment in Mexico? A regional analysis of the households&#8217; behavior]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Papeles de Población]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>56</numero>
<issue>56</issue>
<page-range>37-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Amador]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha Cecilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis David]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remesas internacionales y altruismo en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economía Teoría y Práctica]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>54</numero>
<issue>54</issue>
<page-range>161-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohapatra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sanket]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dilip]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of the global financial crisis on migration and remittances]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canuto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Octaviano]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giugale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The day after tomorrow: a handbook on the future economic policy in the developing world]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>297-320</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[The World Bank Group]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nuñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roy]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osorio-Caballero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances, migration and poverty. A study for Mexico and Central America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigación Económica]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>318</numero>
<issue>318</issue>
<page-range>98-125</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>R Core Team</collab>
<source><![CDATA[R]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bell Laboratories]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dilip]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Supriyo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eung Ju]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sonia]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seshan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ganesh,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yameogo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nadege Desiree]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Development Brief 32: COVID-19 Crisis Through a Migration Lens]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The World Bank Group]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dilip]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sirkeci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ibrahim]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances and the Global Financial Crisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migration Letters]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>125-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Viridiana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of drug-related violence and extortion in promoting mexican migration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Research Review]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>191-217</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances and the business cycle: a reliable relationship?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>456-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shirk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Understanding Mexico&#8217;s drug violence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Conflict Resolution]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1348-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>The World Bank Group</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Remittance Prices Worldwide]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The World Bank Group]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuirán Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santibáñez Romellón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corona Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El monto de las remesas familiares en México: ¿mito o realidad?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Papeles de Población]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>147-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The impact of COVID-19 on organized crime]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dean]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migrant Remittances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>129-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoshino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Naoyuki]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taghizadeh-Hesary]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Farhad]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otsuka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miyu]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International remittances and poverty reduction: evidence from asian developing countries]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ADBI Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaragoza Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La pobreza como indicador de generación de la delincuencia organizada en México]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Toluca ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
