<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-7743</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería, investigación y tecnología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ing. invest. y tecnol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-7743</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-77432019000400012</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fi.25940732e.2019.20n4.048</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determination of fracture toughness and elastic module in materials based silicon nitride]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de la tenacidad de fractura y modulo elástico de materiales a base de nitruro de silicio]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrasquero-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edwuin Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minchala-Marquino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime Moisés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Byron Ramiro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fajardo-Seminario]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Isaac]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal de Milagro Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería Grupo de Investigación en Caracterización, Procesamiento y Protección de Materiales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena Facultad de Sistemas y Telecomunicaciones ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal de Milagro Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería Grupo de Investigación en Caracterización, Procesamiento y Protección de Materiales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica Salesiana  Grupo de Investigación en Nuevos Materiales y Procesos de Transformación (GIMAT-CIDII)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Grupo de Investigación en Nuevos Materiales y Procesos de Transformación (GIMAT-CIDII) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-77432019000400012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-77432019000400012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-77432019000400012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The knowledge of the mechanical properties of any material subjected to loads is necessary for its use in structural applications. Silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics are well-known materials used in engineering applications due to their outstanding combination of high strength and fracture toughness. The most studied mechanical properties of Si3N4 are hardness, fracture toughness and mechanical resistance. Recent advances in the production processes that incorporate high purity rare earth elements as sintering additives have improved these mechanical properties. Using Vickers indentation method, the elastic module and fracture toughness of Si3N4 based materials modified with La2O3, Y2O3 and Al2O3 were determined as a function of the cracking system type that prevails under the effect of load. The results indicate that adding rare earth to the matrix increased the fracture toughness the Si3N4 base ceramic Samples containing La2O3+Y2O3 showed higher values of fracture toughness than the ones with Al2O3+La2O3, regardless of the equation used in the calculations. Meanwhile the elastic module decrease approximately 100 GPa for both types of nitrides by the effect of the temperature.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El conocimiento de las propiedades mecánicas de cualquier material de ingeniería es necesario para su uso en aplicaciones estructurales, donde el material se someterá a cargas. Los cerámicos de nitruro de silicio (Si3N4) son materiales bien conocidos que se utilizan en aplicaciones de ingeniería debido a su excelente combinación de alta resistencia y resistencia a la fractura. Las propiedades mecánicas más estudiadas del Si3N4 son la dureza, la resistencia a la fractura y la resistencia mecánica. Los recientes avances en los procesos de producción que incorporan elementos de tierras raras de alta pureza como aditivos de sinterización han mejorado estas propiedades mecánicas. Usando el método de indentación Vickers se determinaron, el módulo elástico y la resistencia a la fractura de los materiales a base de Si3N4 modificados con La2O3, Y2O3 y Al2O3 en función del tipo de sistema de grietas que prevalece bajo el efecto de la carga. Los resultados indican que la adición de tierras raras a la matriz aumentó la tenacidad a la fractura. Las muestras de Si3N4 que contienen La2O3+Y2O3 mostraron valores más altos de tenacidad a la fractura que las que contienen Al2O3+La2O3, independientemente de la ecuación utilizada en los cálculos. Mientras tanto, el módulo elástico disminuye aproximadamente 100 GPa para ambos tipos de nitruros por el efecto de la temperatura.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Silicon nitride]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fracture toughness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hardness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vickers indentation method]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nitruro de silicio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tenacidad de fractura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dureza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[método de indentación Vickers]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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