<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-2253</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[América Latina en la historia económica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Am. Lat. Hist. Econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-2253</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-22532024000200009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18232/20073496.1442</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Crecimiento económico en América Latina durante el siglo XIX]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Economic growth in Latin America during the 19th century]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naranjo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navas-Labanda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alegria Cumanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Riobamba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-22532024000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-22532024000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-22532024000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En el presente artículo se analiza la evolución histórica del desarrollo de América Latina desde su independencia hasta fines del siglo xix considerando siete variables: población, salud, comercio externo, Producto Interno Bruto, deuda externa e inversión, educación y migración. Estas variables han permitido ver el panorama del desarrollo de la región desde las dimensiones económica y social. Después de una revisión analítica de la evolución de las variables propuestas, se concluye que la región pasa por dos periodos de crecimiento: el primero comprende las décadas de 1830 a 1860, con un crecimiento lento caracterizado por conflictos regionales y por los constantes impagos de la deuda externa; el segundo, de las décadas de 1870 a 1900, caracterizado por un crecimiento acelerado del pib, de las exportaciones e inversiones, el aumento de los niveles de alfabetización y de las expectativas de vida. Con ello, el incremento económico produjo que los sistemas bancarios se multiplicaran, así como las instituciones educativas y de salud, factores que favorecieron el crecimiento poblacional.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The paper analyzes the historical evolution of the development of Latin America from its independence until the end of the 19th century based on seven variables: population; health; foreign trade; Gross domestic product; foreign debt and investment; education; and migration. These variables have allowed to see the panorama of the development of the region from its economic and social dimensions. After an analytical review of the evolution of the proposed variables, it is concluded that the region goes through two periods of growth: the first, from 1830s to 1860s, with slow growth, characterized by regional conflicts and constant external debt defaults; the second, from 1870s to 1900, characterized by an accelerated growth of the Gross Domestic Product, exports and investments, an increase in literacy levels and life expectancy. The economic growth of the region caused banking systems to multiply, as well as educational and health institutions, which favored population growth.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[producto interno bruto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comercio externo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[deuda externa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inversión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[población]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gross domestic product]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[foreign trade external debt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[investment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[population]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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