<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigaciones geográficas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Invest. Geog]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geografía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-46111993000200002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis preliminar de las tendencias climáticas en tres localidades del estado de Veracruz, y sus posibles causas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tejeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adalberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Moisés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Salvador]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Estadística Laboratorio de Investigación y Asesoría Estadística]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xalapa Ver.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Veracruzana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xalapa Ver.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>1993</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>1993</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>27</numero>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>68</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-46111993000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-46111993000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-46111993000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se presenta un análisis de las series de temperatura media anual y lluvia total anual en el periodo 1923-1988, para las localidades de Veracruz (19º 12' N, 96º 8' W, 16 msnm), Xalapa (19º 32' N, 96º 55' W, I 420 msnm) y Las Vigas (19º 38' N, 97º 5' W, 2 421 msnm). Se pretende ponderar, de manera preliminar, el impacto del incremento de concentraciones de CO2 atmosférico, la ocurrencia de El Niño u Oscilación del Sur (ENSO), las perturbaciones tropicales del Pacífico y del Atlántico, y la urbanización, sobre la lluvia y la temperatura. Para ello se hace uso de técnicas estadísticas tales como suavización de series, elaboración de gráficos de cajas, análisis de correlación y de correlación canónica. Las conclusiones plantean conjeturas para investigaciones venideras.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper presents an analysis of the time series of yearly mean temperatures and yearly precipitation during 1923-1988 for Veracruz (19º 12' N, 96º 8' W, 16 masl), Xalapa (19º 32' N, 96º 55' W, 1 420 masl) and Las Vigas (19º 38' N, 97º 5' W, 2 421 masl). In order to weigh in preliminary form the impact of the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, the presence of El Niño or Southern Oscilation (ENSO), the tropical atmospheric disturbances in the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, and the urbanization on both the rainfal and the temperature, we use statistical techniques as smoothing series, box plots, simple correlation and canonical correlation analysis. The conclusions carry out conjetures for future research.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tendencias climáticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[técnicas de análisis exploratorio de series de tiempo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Climatic trends]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[exploratory statistical techniques for time series analysis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>An&aacute;lisis preliminar de las tendencias clim&aacute;ticas en tres localidades del estado de Veracruz, y sus posibles causas*</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Mario M. Ojeda**, Adalberto Tejeda***, Mois&eacute;s Mahe**, Salvador Ruiz**</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">** Laboratorio de Investigaci&oacute;n y Asesor&iacute;a Estad&iacute;stica (LINAE), Facultad de Estad&iacute;stica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Ver.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">*** Especialidad en Climatolog&iacute;a, Universidad Veracruzana, Apdo. Postal 136, Xalapa, Ver.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">* Recibido: 19 de marzo de 1992.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se presenta un an&aacute;lisis de las series de temperatura media anual y lluvia total anual en el periodo 1923&#150;1988, para las localidades de Veracruz (19&ordm; 12' N, 96&ordm; 8' W, 16 msnm), Xalapa (19&ordm; 32' N, 96&ordm; 55' W, I 420 msnm) y Las Vigas (19&ordm; 38' N, 97&ordm; 5' W, 2 421 msnm). Se pretende ponderar, de manera preliminar, el impacto del incremento de concentraciones de CO<sub>2</sub> atmosf&eacute;rico, la ocurrencia de El Ni&ntilde;o u Oscilaci&oacute;n del Sur (ENSO), las perturbaciones tropicales del Pac&iacute;fico y del Atl&aacute;ntico, y la urbanizaci&oacute;n, sobre la lluvia y la temperatura. Para ello se hace uso de t&eacute;cnicas estad&iacute;sticas tales como suavizaci&oacute;n de series, elaboraci&oacute;n de gr&aacute;ficos de cajas, an&aacute;lisis de correlaci&oacute;n y de correlaci&oacute;n can&oacute;nica. Las conclusiones plantean conjeturas para investigaciones venideras.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave</b>: Tendencias clim&aacute;ticas, t&eacute;cnicas de an&aacute;lisis exploratorio de series de tiempo.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This paper presents an analysis of the time series of yearly mean temperatures and yearly precipitation during 1923&#150;1988 for Veracruz (19&ordm; 12' N, 96&ordm; 8' W, 16 masl), Xalapa (19&ordm; 32' N, 96&ordm; 55' W, 1 420 masl) and Las Vigas (19&ordm; 38' N, 97&ordm; 5' W, 2 421 masl). In order to weigh in preliminary form the impact of the increase of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, the presence of El Ni&ntilde;o or Southern Oscilation (ENSO), the tropical atmospheric disturbances in the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, and the urbanization on both the rainfal and the temperature, we use statistical techniques as smoothing series, box plots, simple correlation and canonical correlation analysis. The conclusions carry out conjetures for future research.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords</b>: Climatic trends, exploratory statistical techniques for time series analysis.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/igeo/n27/n27a2.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Cooley W., W. y P.R. Lohnes, <i>Multivariate Data Analysis,</i> Wiley, Nueva York, 1971.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624237&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Harringlon. J.B., <i>"Climatic change: a review of causes",</i> Can J. For. Res., vol. 17, 1987, p&aacute;gs. 1313&#150;1339.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624239&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Johnes, P.D. y M.L. Wigley T., Global warming trends, Scientific Am., vol. 263&#150;2, 1990, p&aacute;gs. 66&#150;73.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624241&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Landsherg, H.E., <i>"The urban climate",</i> Ac. Press, 1981, p&aacute;gs. 84&#150;126.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624243&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Luna&#150;Bauza, C., <i>"70 a&ntilde;os de datos clim&aacute;ticos en Veracruz, Ver. 1917&#150;1986",</i> Ed. Ctro. Previsi&oacute;n del Golfo y Ayuntamiento, 1987, 41 p&aacute;gs.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624245&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Mosi&ntilde;o, P. y T. Morales, <i>Los ciclones tropicales, El Ni&ntilde;o y las lluvias en Tacubaya, D.F.,</i> Geof&iacute;sica Internacional, vol. 27, 1988, p&aacute;gs. 71&#150;82.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624247&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Schneider, U. y C. Schonwiese, <i>Some statistical characteristic of El Ni&ntilde;o/southern oscilation and North Atlantic oscilation indices.Atm&oacute;sfera,</i> vol. 2, 1989, p&aacute;gs. 167&#150;180.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624249&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">SPP, <i>Atlas de Huracanes,</i> DETENAL, 1979.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624251&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Tukey J., W., <i>Exploratory Data Analysis,</i> Addison Wesley, Nueva York, 1977.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624253&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Tejeda, A. y F. Acevedo, <i>Aspectos termopluviom&eacute;tricos de las alteraciones clim&aacute;ticas por la urbanizaci&oacute;n, en la ciudad de Xalapa, Ver. (M&eacute;x.),</i> Memoria del IV Congreso Nacional de Meteorolog&iacute;a, 1989, p&aacute;gs. 55&#150;58.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4624255&pid=S0188-4611199300020000200010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[ ]]></body><back>
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