<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-3380</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Economía: teoría y práctica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Econ: teor. práct]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-3380</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, a través de la Unidad Iztapalapa, la Unidad Azcapotzalco y la Unidad Xochimilco, División de Ciencias Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-33802024000200113</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24275/etypuam/ne/612024/vargas</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Propiedad intelectual, comercio exterior y flujo de tecnología en el sector automotriz de México, 1990-2022]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Intellectual Property, Foreign Trade and Technology Flows in Mexico&#8217;s Automotive Sector (1990-2022)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexis Josué]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soria López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>61</numero>
<fpage>113</fpage>
<lpage>145</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-33802024000200113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-33802024000200113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-33802024000200113&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El TLCAN constituyó una promesa para mejorar económica y tecnológicamente a tres naciones. En México, impulsó las exportaciones de la industria automotriz -las de mayor valor entre todas las exportaciones mexicanas, mientras el arreglo institucional de propiedad intelectual impulsó el patentamiento. Para observar los efectos productivos y tecnológicos del TLCAN en el sector automotriz, la metodología incluye un dendrograma y análisis de componentes con base en el valor de exportaciones e importaciones, en concordancia con las patentes de las distintas autopartes de un vehículo (1990-2022). Los hallazgos indican un éxito comercial y económico, aunque, en un contexto donde el flujo de patentes de empresas extranjeras incrementó, no se observan derramas o absorción de conocimiento por el sector doméstico de producción tecnológica. En suma, el arreglo de propiedad intelectual contribuyó más al crecimiento comercial y no tanto al desarrollo endógeno de tecnología.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract NAFTA promised economic and technological improvement for the three nations involved. In Mexico, it increased the value of automotive exports, which were the most valuable of all Mexican exports. Meanwhile, the intellectual property provisions boosted patenting. To observe the productive and technological effects of NAFTA on the automotive sector, the methodology uses a dendrogram and component analysis based on export and import values, and the patents for different vehicle parts (1990-2022). The findings suggest commercial and economic success. However, despite an increase in the flow of patents from foreign companies, there has been no spillover or absorption of knowledge by the domestic technological production sector. In summary, the intellectual property arrangement contributed more to commercial growth than to endogenous technological development.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Patentes y crecimiento económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clúster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TLCAN]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[innovación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O32]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O34]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[L62]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Patents and economic growth]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cluster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[NAFTA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[innovation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[O32]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[O34]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[L62]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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