<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-5779</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-5779</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-57792014000200161</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Poblaciones microbianas, actividades enzimáticas y substancias húmicas en la biotransformación de residuos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Microbial populations, enzyme activity and humic substances in biotransformation of waste]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero Lizaola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>161</fpage>
<lpage>172</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-57792014000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-57792014000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-57792014000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se evaluaron poblaciones microbianas, actividades enzimáticas y substancias húmicas (SH) durante el compostaje y vermicompostaje (Eisenia andrei Bouché) de paja de avena, subproducto de producción de cuerpos fructíferos del hongo comestible Pleurotus ostreatus, con diferentes tamaños: molida (&lt; 2mm) y picada (&lt; 4mm). Se muestreó a los 23, 46, 69, 92, 115 y 148 días de la incorporación de lombrices (Eisenia andrei) y se comparó con tratamientos sin lombriz. En cada muestreo se midió la actividad enzimática respecto a: el ciclo del carbono (amilasa, celulasa, lipasa e invertasa), ciclo del nitrógeno (proteasa, amidasa, ureasa y nitrogenasa), ciclo del fósforo (fosfatasa ácida y alcalina) y ciclo del azufre (arilsulfatasa), y deshidrogenasa. Se evaluaron los ácidos húmicos (AH) liofilizados, analizando y determinando, por métodos físicos y químicos, color, carbono y grupos funcionales con espectroscopia infrarroja. Los resultados mostraron la influencia de la lombriz sobre la proporción de la población de bacterias en los tratamientos de paja picada (PP) y paja molida (PM) tanto en vermicomposta como composta. Los hongos y actinomicetos se presentaron en mayor cantidad en los tratamientos de paja molida con lombriz (PMCL) respecto al resto de los tratamientos. El tamaño de paja no tuvo influencia significativa en la proporción de las enzimas en las compostas, a diferencia de los tratamientos con lombriz que tuvieron resultados mayores en las enzimas muestreadas respecto a los tratamientos sin lombriz. Las mayores concentraciones de ácidos húmicos (AH) liofilizados se detectaron en el tratamiento de PMCL, así como las mayores concentraciones de enzimas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Microbial populations, enzyme activity and humic substances (HS) were measured during composting and vermicomposting (Eisenia andrei Bouché) oat straw with a byproduct of production of fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. Different sizes were tested: ground (&lt; 2 mm) and chopped (&lt; 4mm). Sampling was done 23, 46, 69, 92, 115 and 148 days after incorporating earthworms (Eisenia Andrei Bouché). Results were compared with those of treatments without worms. In each sample enzyme activity was measured for carbon cycle (amylase, cellulase, lipase and invertase), nitrogen cycle (protease, amidase, urease and nitrogenase), the phosphorus cycle (acid and alkaline phosphatase) and sulfur cycle (arylsulfatase), and dehydrogenase. Humic acid (HA) lyophilizates were assessed by analyzing and identifying color, carbon and functional groups in infrared spectroscopy using physical and chemical methods. The results showed the influence of worms on the bacteria in the treatments of chopped straw (PP) and ground straw (PM) both vermicomposted and composted. Fungi and actinomycetes were found in the highest quantities in the ground straw earthworm (PMCL) treatments. Straw size had no significant influence on the proportion of the enzymes, contrasting with the earthworm treatments, which had higher values in the sampled enzymes than those without worms. The highest concentrations of lyophilized humic acids (HA), as well as the highest concentrations of enzymes, were detected in the PMCL treatments.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lombriz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[paja de avena]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[composta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[earthworms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[oat straw]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[compost]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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