<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-5779</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-5779</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-57792012000100001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Compactación inducida por el rodaje de tractores agrícolas en un vertisol]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Compaction induced by breaking of agricultural tractors in vertisol]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Huerta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Delfina de Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Rosales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saldívar-Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Rueda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Toluca estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>7</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-57792012000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-57792012000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-57792012000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El nivel de compactación inducida en los campos de cultivo se ve fuertemente influenciada por el transito de los tractores y las máquinas agrícolas. La compactación del suelo aumenta en la mayoría de los casos y la resistencia mecánica del suelo impide la infiltración del agua y el crecimiento de raíces; además genera alteración de la densidad aparente y disminución del espacio poroso. El objetivo de estos ensayos fue probar el grado de alteración de algunas propiedades físicas en un vertisol. El diseño experimental utilizado fue de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones en un arreglo de parcelas subdivididas. Se utilizaron tres tractores de diferentes masas, potencias y rodaje así como cuatro variantes de contrapesos e inflado de aire en neumáticos. Los valores de F para los diferentes tractores resultaron significativos a 5 y 1%. En la comparación de medias entre tractores el tractor TM (tractor universal mediano 4 × 4), fue el que compactó mas el suelo en los dos niveles superiores, debido al desgaste de sus neumáticos y el valor del índice de cono fue por encima del TP (tractor pesado 4 × 4). La compactación debido a lastre e inflado de neumáticos, tuvo su mayor valor en la capa superior y la compactación en la dos capas inferiores del suelo, dependió del contenido de la humedad gravimétrica en esos niveles de profundidad. Por otro lado, la densidad aparente del suelo se vio afectada en la mayoría de los casos por encima del testigo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The level of induced compaction in crop fields is strongly influenced by the traffic of tractors and agricultural machinery. In most cases, soil compaction increases the mechanical resistance of the soil and thus prevents water infiltration and root growth; it also generates changes in bulk density and decreased porosity. The objective of this study was to test the degree of impairment of some physical properties in a clay soil. A randomized complete block design with three replications in a split-split-plot arrangement was employed. We used three tractors of different masses, powers, and drive train, and four variants of counterweights and tire air inflation. F values for the various tractors were significant at 5 and 1%. In the comparison of means between tractors (Factor A), the tractor TM (universal tractor medium 4 × 4), the more compacted soil was in the top two layers, because of the wear caused by the tires and the value of cone index was above the TP (heavy tractor 4 × 4). The compaction behavior variables ballast and tire inflation (Factor B) had its highest value in the upper layer, while in the two lower layers of soil it depended on the gravimetric moisture content. Moreover, soil bulk density was affected by most of the cases relative to the control.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia a la penetración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[densidad aparente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[multiarado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[penetration resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bulk density]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multi-tillage]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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