J. P. Torres–Papaqui,1 R. Coziol,1 H. Andernach,1 R. A. Ortega–Minakata,1 D. M. Neri–Larios,1 and I. Plauchu–Frayn2
1 Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Guanajuato, Apdo. Postal 144, 36000 Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México (heinz@astro.ugto.mx, rcoziol@astro.ugto.mx, daniel@astro.ugto.mx, rene@astro.ugto.mx, papaqui@astro.ugto.mx).
2 Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), E–18008, Granada, Spain (ilse@iaa.ee).
Received 2012 June 14.
Accepted 2012 August 12.
]]> RESUMEN
Utilizamos una muestra de 229618 galaxias con líneas angostas de emisión para establecer dos nuevos tipos de evidencias inambigüas de agujeros negros supermasivos en el centro de sus núcleos: (1) las galaxias Seyfert 2 y los LINERs siguen la misma ley de potencia característica relacionando la luminosidad del flujo ionizante con la del continuo; (2) ambas muestran la más alta concentración de masa en sus centros, independientemente de la morfología de la galaxia, consistente con altas energías de ligación. El ancho a potencia media está relacionado con la concentración de masa, y sugiere que la energía cinetica del gas en los AGNs tiene un origen gravitacional. Dentro del modelo estándar de acreción, los objetos de transicón, las galaxias Seyfert 2 y los LINERs representan AGNs formando agujeros negros supermasivos a diferentes escalas en masa, o podrían estar relacionados por un proceso de evolución, en el cual los LINERs serían el producto final.
ABSTRACT
A sample of 229618 narrow emission–line galaxies is used to establish two new unambiguous types of evidence for supermassive black holes at the center of their nuclei: (1) the Seyfert 2 galaxies and LINERs follow the same characteristic power law relating the luminosity of the ionized flux with that of the continuum; (2) both show the highest concentration of mass at their center, independent of the morphology of the galaxy, consistent with higher binding energies. The full width at half maximum is shown to be related with the mass concentration, suggesting that the kinetic energy of the gas in AGNs has a gravitational origin. Within the standard accretion model, transition–type objects, Seyfert 2 galaxies and LINERs represent AGNs forming supermassive black holes on different mass–scales, or they could be related through an evolutionary process, the LINERs representing the end product of this evolution.
Key Words: galaxies: active — galaxies: Seyfert — quasars: general.
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