<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1101</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de astronomía y astrofísica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. astron. astrofis]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1101</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Astronomía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-11012010000100012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[On the origin of the tailward velocity of O+ ions over the magnetic poles of Mars]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Astronomía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada B. C.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geofísica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>135</fpage>
<lpage>144</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-11012010000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-11012010000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-11012010000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[A partir del análisis de la dinámica de iones O+ de origen ionosférico en la ionofunda de Marte, acelerados por el campo eléctrico convectivo del viento solar (pick up ions), determinamos su velocidad promedio sobre los polos magnéticos del planeta. Estas velocidades se comparan con mediciones in situ de la nave Mars Express. Con base en nuestros resultados encontramos que las velocidades de los iones O+ medidos sobre los polos magnéticos del planeta, que son esencialmente en la dirección antisolar, con componentes y y z muy pequeñas, no se pueden explicar en términos del movimiento girotrópico de las partículas exclusivamente. Concluimos entonces que la velocidad de los iones O+ sobre los polos magnéticos del planeta resultan de la acción de fuerzas de tipo viscoso que transfieren momento entre el viento solar y el plasma ionosférico en la ionofunda de Marte.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[We numerically simulate the dynamics of a population of O+ ions of ionospheric origin picked-up by the solar wind in the dayside ionosheath of Mars. Their average velocity as they reach the magnetic polar regions of the planet is compared with in situ measurements of the Mars Express spacecraft. We find that the velocity of O+ ions measured over the magnetic poles of the planet, which is essentially tailward with very small y and z-components according to measurements, cannot be accounted for solely in terms of particle gyromotions. We suggest that the velocity of O+ ions over the magnetic poles of the planet is more probably the result of wave-particle interactions that mediate the transfer of momentum from the solar wind plasma to ionospheric plasma and newly born ions in the ionosheath.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[planets and satellites: individual (Mars)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plasmas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[solar wind]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>On the origin of the tailward velocity of O<sup>+</sup> ions over the magnetic poles of Mars</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>M. Reyes&#150;Ruiz,<sup>1</sup> H. Aceves,<sup>1</sup> and H. P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada<sup>2 </sup></b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup>&nbsp;Instituto de Astronom&iacute;a, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Apdo. Postal 877, 22800 Ensenada, B. C., Mexico. (<a href="mailto:maurey@astrosen.unam.mx">maurey@astrosen.unam.mx</a>, <a href="mailto:aceves@astrosen.unam.mx">aceves@astrosen.unam.mx</a>).</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;Instituto de Geof&iacute;sica, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, 04510 Mexico D.F., Mexico. (<a href="mailto:P&#233;rezdet@geofisica.unam.mx">P&eacute;rezdet@geofisica.unam.mx</a>).</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Received 2009 August 17    <br> Accepted 2010 January 11</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>RESUMEN</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">A partir del an&aacute;lisis de la din&aacute;mica de iones O<sup>+</sup> de origen ionosf&eacute;rico en la ionofunda de Marte, acelerados por el campo el&eacute;ctrico convectivo del viento solar (<i>pick up ions</i>), determinamos su velocidad promedio sobre los polos magn&eacute;ticos del planeta. Estas velocidades se comparan con mediciones <i>in situ </i>de la nave Mars Express. Con base en nuestros resultados encontramos que las velocidades de los iones O<sup>+</sup> medidos sobre los polos magn&eacute;ticos del planeta, que son esencialmente en la direcci&oacute;n antisolar, con componentes <i>y </i>y <i>z </i>muy peque&ntilde;as, no se pueden explicar en t&eacute;rminos del movimiento girotr&oacute;pico de las part&iacute;culas exclusivamente. Concluimos entonces que la velocidad de los iones O<sup>+</sup> sobre los polos magn&eacute;ticos del planeta resultan de la acci&oacute;n de fuerzas de tipo viscoso que transfieren momento entre el viento solar y el plasma ionosf&eacute;rico en la ionofunda de Marte.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>ABSTRACT</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">We numerically simulate the dynamics of a population of O<sup>+</sup> ions of ionospheric origin picked&#150;up by the solar wind in the dayside ionosheath of Mars. Their average velocity as they reach the magnetic polar regions of the planet is compared with <i>in situ </i>measurements of the Mars Express spacecraft. We find that the velocity of O<sup>+</sup> ions measured over the magnetic poles of the planet, which is essentially tailward with very small <i>y </i>and <i>z</i>&#150;components according to measurements, cannot be accounted for solely in terms of particle gyromotions. We suggest that the velocity of O<sup>+</sup> ions over the magnetic poles of the planet is more probably the result of wave&#150;particle interactions that mediate the transfer of momentum from the solar wind plasma to ionospheric plasma and newly born ions in the ionosheath.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b><i>Key Words: </i></b>planets and satellites: individual (Mars) &#151; plasmas &#151; solar wind.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmaa/v46n1/v46n1a12.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</b></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">MRR and HA acknowledge the Financial support of DGAPA&#150;Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico project IN109409&#150;3.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>REFERENCES</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Acu&ntilde;a, M., et al. 1998, Science, 279, 1676</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428056&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Barabash, S., et al. 2006, Space Sci. Rev., 126, 113</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428057&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Bertucci, C., et al. 2004, AdSR, 33, 1938</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428058&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Bridge, H., Lazarus, A., Snyder, C., Smith, E., Davies, I., Coleman, P., &amp; Jones, D. 1967, Science, 158, 1669 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428059&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Crider,  D.  H.,  Brain,  D.  A.,  Acu&ntilde;a,  M.,  Vignes,  D., Mazelle,  C., &amp; Bertucci, C. 2004,  Space Sci. Rev., 111, 203 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428060&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Jackson, J. D. 1975, Classical Electrodynamics (2nd ed.; New York: Wiley) </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428061&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Lesieur,   M.   1991,   Turbulence   in   Fluids   (Dordrecht: Kluwer) </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428062&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Luhmann, J. G., &amp; Schwingenshuh, K. 1990, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 939 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428063&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Lundin, R., Barabash, S., Fedorov, A., Holmstr&ouml;m, M., Nilsson, H., Sauvaud, J.&#150;A., &amp; Yamauchi, M. 2008, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, 9203</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428064&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Lundin, R., et al. 1990, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 873 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428065&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Lundin, R., et al. 2004, Science, 305, 1933 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428066&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H. 1995, Space Sci. Rev., 72, 655</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428067&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;. 1998, J. Geophys Res., 103, 31499 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428068&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;. 2001, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 211 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428069&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;. 2004, AdSR, 33, 167 </font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428070&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;&#150;. 2005, ApJ, 618, L145</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428071&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H., &amp; Dryer, M. 1976, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 2023</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428072&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H., Intriligator, D. S., &amp; Scarf, F. L. 1985, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 1759</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428073&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H., &amp; Lundin, R. 2008, AGU Fall Meeting, Abstract P13B&#150;1307</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428074&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H., Lundin, R., Durand&#150;Manterola, H., &amp; Reyes&#150;Ruiz, M. 2009, J. Geophys. Res., 114, 106</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428075&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Reyes&#150;Ruiz, M., D&iacute;az&#150;M&eacute;ndez, E., &amp; P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H. 2008, A &amp; A, 489, 1319</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428076&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Reyes&#150;Ruiz, M., &amp; P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H. 2008, AGU Fall Meeting, Abstract P13B&#150;1313</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428077&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200022&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Reyes&#150;Ruiz, M., P&eacute;rez&#150;de&#150;Tejada, H., Aceves, H., &amp; V&aacute;zquez, R. 2009, arXiv:0812.1189</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428078&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200023&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Riedler, W., et al. 1991, Planet. Space Sci., 39, 75</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428079&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200024&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Romanov, S. A., Smirnov, V., &amp; Vaisberg, O. 1979, Cosmic Res., 16, 603</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428080&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200025&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Shefer, R., Lazarus, A., &amp; Bridge, H. 1979, J. Geophys Res., 84, 2109</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428081&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200026&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Spreiter, J., &amp; Stahara, S. 1980, J. Geophys Res., 85, 7715</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=7428082&pid=S0185-1101201000010001200027&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acuña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>279</volume>
<page-range>1676</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barabash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Space Sci. Rev.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<page-range>113</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[AdSR]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>1938</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bridge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lazarus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snyder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coleman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<volume>158</volume>
<page-range>1669</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acuña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vignes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazelle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Space Sci. Rev.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>111</volume>
<page-range>203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Classical Electrodynamics]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lesieur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Turbulence in Fluids]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Dordrecht ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Kluwer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luhmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwingenshuh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys. Res.]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<page-range>939</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barabash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fedorov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holmström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sauvaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yamauchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geophys. Res. Lett.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>9203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geophys. Res. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>873</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>305</volume>
<page-range>1933</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Space Sci. Rev.]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<page-range>655</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys Res]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<page-range>31499</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys. Res.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>106</volume>
<page-range>211</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[AdSR]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>167</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[ApJ]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>618</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dryer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys. Res.]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>2023</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Intriligator]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scarf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys. Res.]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>1759</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[AGU Fall Meeting]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durand-Manterola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys. Res.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<page-range>106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A & A]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>489</volume>
<page-range>1319</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[AGU Fall Meeting]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-de-Tejada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aceves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riedler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Planet. Space Sci.]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smirnov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaisberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cosmic Res.]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>603</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shefer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lazarus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bridge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys Res.]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<page-range>2109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spreiter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stahara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geophys Res.]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<page-range>7715</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
