<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2011000700020</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Performance of artificial neural networks and genetical evolved artificial neural networks unfolding techniques]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortíz-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallego Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorente Fillol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez Villafañe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Los Arcos Merino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero Araque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Zacatecas]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Superior Depto. de Electrotecnia y Electronica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Córdoba ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Depto. de Ingeniería Nuclear, ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigaciones Enérgeticas y Medioambientales y Tecnológicas Laboratorio de Metrología de Radiaciones Ionizantes ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<fpage>89</fpage>
<lpage>92</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000700020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000700020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2011000700020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[With the Bonner spheres spectrometer neutron spectrum is obtained through an unfolding procedure. Monte Carlo methods, Regularization, Parametrization, Least-squares, and Maximum Entropy are some of the techniques utilized for unfolding. In the last decade methods based on Artificial Intelligence Technology have been used. Approaches based on Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks have been developed in order to overcome the drawbacks of previous techniques. Nevertheless the advantages of Artificial Neural Networks still it has some drawbacks mainly in the design process of the network, vg the optimum selection of the architectural and learning ANN parameters. In recent years the use of hybrid technologies, combining Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms, has been utilized to. In this work, several ANN topologies were trained and tested using Artificial Neural Networks and Genetically Evolved Artificial Neural Networks in the aim to unfold neutron spectra using the count rates of a Bonner sphere spectrometer. Here, a comparative study of both procedures has been carried out.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Con el espectrométro de esferas Bonner se puede obtener el espectro a través de un procedimiento de reconstrucción. Los métodos Montecarlo, de Regularización, de parametrización, de mínimos cuadrados, de la máxima entropía son algunas de las técnicas utilizadas para la reconstrucción. En la última década, se han utilizado los métodos basados en la tecnología de Inteligencia Artificial. Se han desarrollado métodos basados en Algoritmos Genéticos y Redes Neuronales Artificiales en un intento de resolver las desventajas de las técnicas mencionadas. Sin embargo, a pesar de la ventajas de las redes neuronales, las mismas presentan algunos inconvenientes principalmente en lo que se refiere al proceso de diseño de de las redes, por ejemplo, la selección óptima de los parámetros de arquitectura y aprendizaje. En anos recientes, también se ha utilizado tecnologías híbridas, combinando las redes neuronales y los algoritmos genéticos. En éste trabajo, se diseñaron y entrenaron varias topologéas de redes neuronales y redes neuronales evolucionadas genéticamente con el objetivo de reconstruir espectros de neutrones utilizando las tasas de conteo de un espectrómetro de esferas Bonner. Aquí se realiza un estudio comparativo de ambos procedimientos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neutron spectrometry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[neural networks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[evolutive algorithms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Espectrometría de neutrones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes neuronales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[algoritmos evolutivos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Performance of artificial neural networks and genetical evolved artificial neural networks unfolding techniques</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>J.M. Ort&iacute;z&#150;Rodr&iacute;guez<sup>a, c,*</sup>, M.R. Mart&iacute;nez&#150;Blanco<sup>b</sup>, H.R. Vega&#150;Carrillo<sup>b</sup>, E. Gallego D&iacute;az<sup>d</sup>, A. Lorente Fillol<sup>d</sup>, R. M&eacute;ndez Villafa&ntilde;e<sup>e</sup>, J.M. Los Arcos Merino<sup>e</sup>, J.E. Guerrero Araque<sup>e</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>a</sup> <i>Ingenier&iacute;a El&eacute;ctrica,</i>*e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:morvymm@yahoo.com.mx">morvymm@yahoo.com.mx</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>b</sup> <i>Estudios Nucleares, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Zacatecas, Apartado Postal 336, Zacatecas, 98000, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>c</sup> <i>Depto. de Electrotecnia y Electronica Escuela Polit&eacute;cnica Superior, Avda. Men&eacute;ndez Pidal s/n, C&oacute;rdoba, Espa&ntilde;a.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>d</sup> <i>Universidad Polit&eacute;cnica de Madrid, Depto. de Ingenier&iacute;a Nuclear, ETSI Industriales, C. Jos&eacute; Guti&eacute;rrez Abascal, 2, Madrid, 28006, Espa&ntilde;a.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>e</sup> <i>CIEMAT, Laboratorio de Metrolog&iacute;a de Radiaciones Ionizantes, Avda. Complutense, 22, 28040, Madrid, Espa&ntilde;a.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 10 de marzo de 2010    <br> Aceptado el 31 de agosto de 2010</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">With the Bonner spheres spectrometer neutron spectrum is obtained through an unfolding procedure. Monte Carlo methods, Regularization, Parametrization, Least&#150;squares, and Maximum Entropy are some of the techniques utilized for unfolding. In the last decade methods based on Artificial Intelligence Technology have been used. Approaches based on Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks have been developed in order to overcome the drawbacks of previous techniques. Nevertheless the advantages of Artificial Neural Networks still it has some drawbacks mainly in the design process of the network, vg the optimum selection of the architectural and learning ANN parameters. In recent years the use of hybrid technologies, combining Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms, has been utilized to. In this work, several ANN topologies were trained and tested using Artificial Neural Networks and Genetically Evolved Artificial Neural Networks in the aim to unfold neutron spectra using the count rates of a Bonner sphere spectrometer. Here, a comparative study of both procedures has been carried out.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Neutron spectrometry; neural networks; evolutive algorithms.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Con el espectrom&eacute;tro de esferas Bonner se puede obtener el espectro a trav&eacute;s de un procedimiento de reconstrucci&oacute;n. Los m&eacute;todos Montecarlo, de Regularizaci&oacute;n, de parametrizaci&oacute;n, de m&iacute;nimos cuadrados, de la m&aacute;xima entrop&iacute;a son algunas de las t&eacute;cnicas utilizadas para la reconstrucci&oacute;n. En la &uacute;ltima d&eacute;cada, se han utilizado los m&eacute;todos basados en la tecnolog&iacute;a de Inteligencia Artificial. Se han desarrollado m&eacute;todos basados en Algoritmos Gen&eacute;ticos y Redes Neuronales Artificiales en un intento de resolver las desventajas de las t&eacute;cnicas mencionadas. Sin embargo, a pesar de la ventajas de las redes neuronales, las mismas presentan algunos inconvenientes principalmente en lo que se refiere al proceso de dise&ntilde;o de de las redes, por ejemplo, la selecci&oacute;n &oacute;ptima de los par&aacute;metros de arquitectura y aprendizaje. En anos recientes, tambi&eacute;n se ha utilizado tecnolog&iacute;as h&iacute;bridas, combinando las redes neuronales y los algoritmos gen&eacute;ticos. En &eacute;ste trabajo, se dise&ntilde;aron y entrenaron varias topolog&eacute;as de redes neuronales y redes neuronales evolucionadas gen&eacute;ticamente con el objetivo de reconstruir espectros de neutrones utilizando las tasas de conteo de un espectr&oacute;metro de esferas Bonner. Aqu&iacute; se realiza un estudio comparativo de ambos procedimientos.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Espectrometr&iacute;a de neutrones; redes neuronales; algoritmos evolutivos.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 29.30.Hs; 29.40&#150;n; 07.05&#150;Mh</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v57s1/v57s1a20.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a>  </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. H.R. Vega&#150;Carrillo, V.M. Hern&aacute;ndez&#150;D&aacute;vila, E. Manzanares&#150;Acuna, E. Gallego, A. Lorente, and M.P. I&ntilde;iguez, <i>Radiation Protection Dosimetry </i><b>126 </b>(2007) 408.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8374232&pid=S0035-001X201100070002000001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. S. Haykin, Neural Networks: A comprehensive foundation. <i>Prentice Hall Inc. </i>(1999).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8374234&pid=S0035-001X201100070002000002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
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