<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2007000400010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of giant electric fields on the optical properties of GaN quantum wells]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González de la Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón Arenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Departamento de Física]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>303</fpage>
<lpage>306</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Spontaneous and piezoelectric fields are known to be the key to understanding the optical properties of nitride heterostructures. This effect modifies the electronic states in the quantum well (QW) and the emission energy in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. These fields induce a reduction in the oscillator strength of the transition energy between the confined electron and hole states in GaN/Al xGa1-xN QWs, and dramatically increase the carrier lifetime as the QW thickness increases. In this work, we solve analytically the Schrodinger equation for moderate electric fields when the electron-hole transition energy in the QW is larger than the energy gap of the GaN. Furthermore, the large redshifts of the PL energy position and the spatial separation of the electrons and holes several greater times than the Bohr radius caused by the strong piezoelectric fields are explained using a triangular potential, instead of a square one, in the Schrodinger equation. The transition energy calculations between the electron-hole pair as a function of the well width with the electric field as a fitting parameter are in agreement with the measured photoluminescence energy peaks.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Los campos piezoeléctricos y espontáneos son de gran relevancia en el estudio de las propiedades ópticas en estructuras nitrogenadas. Dichos campos modifican los estados electrónicos en el pozo cuántico y como consecuencia la energía de emisión en los espectros de fotoluminiscencia. Los campos eléctricos presentes en el pozo cuántico, por ejemplo GaN/Al xGa1-xN QWs, inhiben la transición de recombinación entre electrones en la banda de conducción y huecos en la banda de valencia. Además, el corrimiento hacia bajas energías en la posición del pico de fotoluminiscencia y la separación espacial entre electrones y huecos en el límite de campos eléctricos intensos, son explicados usando un pozo de potencial triangular en la ecuación de Schrödinger en lugar de un pozo cuadrado. Las energías de transición obtenidas por este modelo son comparadas con experimentos de fotoluminiscencia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Semiconductor quantum wells]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[electric field]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[photoluminiscence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pozos cuánticos semiconductores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[campo eléctrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fotoluminiscencia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Investigaci&oacute;n</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Effect of giant electric fields on the optical properties of GaN quantum wells</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>         <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>G. Gonz&aacute;lez de la Cruz<sup>&ordf;</sup>,    H. Herrera<sup>b</sup> and A. Calder&oacute;n Arenas<sup>b</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>&ordf; Departamento    de F&iacute;sica, Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n y de Estudios Avanzados del    Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico Nacional, </i><i>Apartado Postal 14&#150;740, 07000    M&eacute;xico D.F., M&eacute;xico, e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:bato@fis.cinvestav.mx">bato@fis.cinvestav.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b</sup> Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n    en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnolog&iacute;a Avanzada del Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico    Nacional, Legaria 694, Colonia Irrigaci&oacute;n, 11500 M&eacute;xico D.F. M&eacute;xico,    e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:herrera@fis.cinvestav.mx" target="_blank">herrera@fis.cinvestav.mx</a>,    <a href="mailto:calder@fis.cinvesta.mx">calder@fis.cinvesta.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 25 de abril de 2007    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>   Aceptado el 8 de junio de 2007</font></p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Spontaneous and piezoelectric fields are known to be the key to understanding the optical properties of nitride heterostructures. This effect modifies the electronic states in the quantum well (QW) and the emission energy in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. These fields induce a reduction in the oscillator strength of the transition energy between the confined electron and hole states in GaN/Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1&#150;x</sub>N QWs, and dramatically increase the carrier lifetime as the QW thickness increases. In this work, we solve analytically the Schrodinger equation for moderate electric fields when the electron&#150;hole transition energy in the QW is larger than the energy gap of the GaN. Furthermore, the large redshifts of the PL energy position and the spatial separation of the electrons and holes several greater times than the Bohr radius caused by the strong piezoelectric fields are explained using a triangular potential, instead of a square one, in the Schrodinger equation. The transition energy calculations between the electron&#150;hole pair as a function of the well width with the electric field as a fitting parameter are in agreement with the measured photoluminescence energy peaks.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Semiconductor quantum wells; electric field; photoluminiscence.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Los campos piezoel&eacute;ctricos y espont&aacute;neos son de gran relevancia en el estudio de las propiedades &oacute;pticas en estructuras nitrogenadas. Dichos campos modifican los estados electr&oacute;nicos en el pozo cu&aacute;ntico y como consecuencia la energ&iacute;a de emisi&oacute;n en los espectros de fotoluminiscencia. Los campos el&eacute;ctricos presentes en el pozo cu&aacute;ntico, por ejemplo GaN/Al<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1&#150;x</sub>N QWs, inhiben la transici&oacute;n de recombinaci&oacute;n entre electrones en la banda de conducci&oacute;n y huecos en la banda de valencia. Adem&aacute;s, el corrimiento hacia bajas energ&iacute;as en la posici&oacute;n del pico de fotoluminiscencia y la separaci&oacute;n espacial entre electrones y huecos en el l&iacute;mite de campos el&eacute;ctricos intensos, son explicados usando un pozo de potencial triangular en la ecuaci&oacute;n de Schr&ouml;dinger en lugar de un pozo cuadrado. Las energ&iacute;as de transici&oacute;n obtenidas por este modelo son comparadas con experimentos de fotoluminiscencia.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Pozos cu&aacute;nticos    semiconductores; campo el&eacute;ctrico; fotoluminiscencia.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 78.20.Bh; 78.55.&#150;m; 78.67.De</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v53n4/v53n4a10.pdf">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgments</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This work was partially supported by Conacyt, Mexico.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. S. Nakamura and G. 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