<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-7169</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Geofísica internacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Geofís. Intl]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-7169</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geofísica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-71692015000200161</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.gi.2015.04.011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Chromospheric Solar Millimeter-wave Cavity; a Common Property in the Semi-empirical Models]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor de la]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emanuele]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geofísica Unidad Michoacán SCiESMEX]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Morelia Michoacán]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>161</fpage>
<lpage>166</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-71692015000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-71692015000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-71692015000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The semi-empirical models of the solar chromosphere are useful in the study of the solar radio emission at millimeter - infrared wavelengths. However, current models do not reproduce the observations of the quiet sun. In this work we present a theoretical study of the radiative transfer equation for four semi- empirical models at these wavelengths. We found that the Chromospheric Solar Milimeter- wave Cavity (CSMC), a region where the atmosphere becomes locally optically thin at millimeter wavelengths, is present in the semi- empirical models under study. We conclude that the CSMC is a general property of the solar chromosphere where the semi-empirical models shows temperature minimum.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Los modelos semi-empíricos de la cromosfera solar son herramientas importantes en el estudio de la radio emisión solar a longitudes de onda milimétricas-infrarrojas. Sin embargo, los modelos actuales siguen sin reproducir las observaciones del Sol quieto. En este trabajo, presentamos un estudio teórico de la ecuación de transferencia radiativa para cuatro modelos semi-empíricos a estas longitudes de onda. Encontramos que la Cavidad Cromosférica Solar a Longitudes de Onda Milimétricas (CSMC), una región donde la atmósfera se vuelve opticamente delgada localmente a longitudes de onda milimétricas, está presente en los modelos semi-empíricos bajo estudio. Concluimos que la CSMC es una propiedad general de la cromosfera solar donde los modelos cromosféricos muestran un mínimo de temperatura.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sun: chromosphere]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sun: radio radiation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sun: infrared]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[methods: numerical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[radiative transfer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stars: chromospheres]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sol: cromosfera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sol: radio emisión solar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sol: infrarrojo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[métodos: numéricos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transferencia radiativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrellas: cromosferas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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