<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-9190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista alergia México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. alerg. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-9190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-91902017000300386</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29262/ram.v64i3.262</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Neumomediastino espontáneo y enfisema subcutáneo asociado con broncoespasmo en una mujer sin antecedente de asma]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema associated with bronchospasm in a woman with no history of asthma]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedolla-Pulido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tonatiuh Ramses]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedolla-Barajas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jalisco]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>386</fpage>
<lpage>389</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-91902017000300386&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-91902017000300386&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-91902017000300386&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes: Los desencadenantes del neumomediastino espontáneo de mayor relevancia son tos, vómito, problemas de alimentación, actividad física y el uso de drogas inhaladas. La asociación de neumomediastino espontáneo con broncoespasmo no relacionado con asma es un suceso inusitado.  Caso clínico: Mujer de 21 años de edad sin antecedentes personales ni familiares de asma, rinitis alérgica o atopia, quien durante la etapa del puerperio tardío presentó súbitamente fiebre de 39 °C, disnea, tos paroxística y opresión torácica, así como sibilancias y enfisema subcutáneo en el cuello; no presentó síntomas nasales previos. La radiografía de tórax evidenció aire libre en mediastino y cara lateral izquierda del cuello. La posible causa del cuadro se atribuyó al broncoespasmo relacionado con infección de las vías respiratorias. El tratamiento consistió en la administración de broncodilatadores, esteroides sistémicos, antibióticos y oxígeno suplementario. La sintomatología remitió después de 48 horas.  Conclusión: En el caso clínico descrito, al parecer el factor precipitante del neumomediastino espontáneo fue la tos paroxística asociada con el broncoespasmo, de tal forma que sugerimos se sospeche en los pacientes aun cuando no existan antecedentes de asma.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum most relevant triggering events are cough, vomiting, nutritional problems, physical activity and use of inhaled drugs. Association of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with non-asthma-related bronchospasm is an infrequent event.  Clinical case: This is the case of a 21-year-old woman without personal or family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis or atopy who during late puerperium had 39 °C fever, paroxysmal cough and chest oppression of sudden onset, as well as wheezing and subcutaneous emphysema of the neck; she had no previous nasal symptoms. Chest X-ray revealed free air in the mediastinum and left lateral side of the neck. Possible cause of the condition was attributed to bronchospasm related to airway infection. Treatment was based on bronchodilators, systemic steroids and supplementary oxygen administration. The symptoms subsided after 48 hours.  Conclusions: In the clinical case herein presented, spontaneous pneumomediastinum precipitating factor appeared to be paroxysmal cough associated with bronchospasm and, hence, we suggest for this entity to be suspected in patients even if there is no previous history of asthma.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfisema mediastínico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Asma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfisema subcutâneo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mediastinal emphysema]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Asthma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Subcutaneous emphysema]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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