<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092023000800672</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/115225</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Una herramienta más accesible&#8230; biomarcadores sanguíneos en la evaluación de desnutrición en pacientes críticamente enfermos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A more accessible tool... blood biomarkers in the assessment of malnutrition in critically ill patients]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Uma ferramenta mais acessível&#8230; biomarcadores sanguíneos na avaliação da desnutrição em pacientes em estado crítico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana Vianey]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero Topete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acoltzi Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wilber]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional del Bajío Hospital de Especialidades No. 1]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<fpage>672</fpage>
<lpage>685</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000800672&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000800672&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000800672&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[resumen está disponible en el texto completo]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  the prevalence of malnutrition in ICU is 30-70%, nutritional assessment represents a determinant in the prognostic factor of the critically ill patient, with direct impact on mortality, length of hospital stay, days of invasive mechanical ventilation and frequency of infections. In addition to muscle ultrasound, some biomarkers have proven to be useful in nutritional assessment, among which fibrinogen levels seem to be the most promising for this purpose, as well as other blood biomarkers. However, their usefulness is not entirely clear in the assessment of critically ill patients, so having an assessment of the nutritional process evaluated by ultrasound and biomarkers represents an accessible tool in most intensive care units.  Material and methods:  observational, analytical and longitudinal study was conducted in a third level Intensive Care Unit (ICU), from May 1, 2022 to August 15, 2023, with a total sample of 70 patients, including: patients over 18 years of age, stay in ICU longer than 72 hours, with organ failure by SOFA and APACHE II; the following were excluded: patients with parenteral nutrition, over 65 years of age; amputation of lower extremities. A sonographic assessment was performed and a venous blood sample was taken on admission and after 72 hours. Among the biomarkers included, lymphocyte, haematocrit, albumin, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), triglycerides and cholesterol values were determined; weight, height, body mass index and body surface area were measured; ultrasound measurements were performed using the Heckmatt scale, assigning graduation, and measurement of the anteroposterior and latero-lateral diameter of the rectus femoris muscle.  Results:  the median age recorded was 41.5 RIC 28, 28 males (40%) and 42 females (60%). On admission 10 patients (14.28%) presented sarcopenia; 14 patients presented sarcopenia; The Age presented a statistically significant correlation with the presence and development of sarcopenia-malnutrition (Pearson correlation), assessed at admission and at 3 days of ICU stay, both for the Heckmatt scale and for the measurement of rectus femoris muscle thickness in the anterior-posterior (USG musc RF-AP) and lateral-lateral (USG musc RF-LL) portion. In the assessment of the Heckmatt scale at day 3 of ICU stay, a negative correlation was obtained with the measurement of USG musc RF-LL (r -0.313, p 0.008) and positive correlation with the albumin/fibrinogen ratio (r 0.246, p 0.04). From the ROC analysis the comparison of Heckmatt on admission the biomarker that best AUC the Heckmatt scale at day 3 with the rest of the variables on the same day, CRP was the most representative (AUC 0.753 p &lt; 0.001). From the result of the ROC analysis of the USG musc RF-AP on day 3, the albumin/fibrinogen ratio obtained an AUC of 0.553. The cut-off points found as predictors of sarcopenia-malnutrition were: for USG musc RF-LL 1.56 (sensitivity 84%, specificity 82%), for albumin/fibrinogen ratio it was 3.8 (sensitivity 84.6%, specificity 70.2%) and for CRP 6.25 (sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 77.2%). From the result of the multiple linear regression model by forced entry taking the variables from day 3 of stay, it was shown that there is no bias between sarcopenia-nutrition and the other variables included (biomarkers and Us. RF), demonstrating association in the main outcome (sarcopenia), contributing together up to 31.9%, being statistically significant determined by the comparison between variables of the ANOVA analysis with a p value of 0.03.  Conclusions:  bedside nutritional assessment by ultrasound is useful, as is assessment by biomarkers of which albumin fibrinogen ratio and CRP represented better results. Measurement of rectus femoris in the latero lateral portion, albumin/fibrinogen ratio and CRP levels are reliable predictors of sarcopenia-nutrition in critically ill patients.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  a prevalência de desnutrição em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é de 30-70%, a avaliação nutricional representa um fator determinante no prognóstico de pacientes em estado crítico, com impacto direto na mortalidade, tempo de internação, dias de ventilação mecânica invasiva e frequência de infecções. Além da ultrassonografia muscular, alguns biomarcadores têm se mostrado úteis na avaliação nutricional, dentre os quais os níveis de fibrinogênio parecem ser os mais promissores para esse fim, assim como outros biomarcadores sanguíneos, porém sua utilidade não é totalmente clara na avaliação de pacientes em estado crítico, portanto ter uma avaliação do processo nutricional avaliado por ultrassonografia e biomarcadores representa uma ferramenta acessível na maioria das unidades de terapia intensiva.  Material e métodos:  estudo observacional, analítico e longitudinal, realizado em uma UTI de terceiro nível, no período de 1o de maio de 2022 a 15 de agosto de 2023, com amostra total de 70 pacientes, sendo: maiores de 18 anos, permanência na UTI por mais de 72 horas, com falência de órgãos por SOFA e APACHE II; excluíram-se: pacientes em nutrição parenteral, maiores de 65 anos; amputação de membros inferiores. Realizou-se uma avaliação ultrassonográfica e amostra de sangue venoso coletada na admissão e após 72 horas, entre os biomarcadores incluídos foram determinados valores de linfócitos, hematócrito, albumina, fibrinogênio, proteína C-reativa (PCR), triglicerídeos e colesterol; foram medidos peso, altura, índice de massa corporal e área de superfície corporal; a medida ultrassonográfica realizou-se através da escala de Heckmatt, atribuindo graduação, e a medida do diâmetro ântero-posterior e latero-lateral do músculo reto femoral.  Resultados:  a idade média registrada foi de 41.5 [RIC 28], notificaram-se 28 homens (40%) e 42 mulheres (60%). Na admissão, 10 pacientes (14.28%) apresentavam sarcopenia; 14 pacientes apresentaram sarcopenia ao longo do tempo; a idade apresentou correlação estatisticamente significativa com a presença e desenvolvimento de sarcopenia-desnutrição (correlação de Pearson), avaliada na admissão e após 3 dias de permanência na UTI, tanto para a escala de Hecktmatt quanto para a medida da espessura do músculo reto femoral na porção ântero-posterior (USG musc RF-AP) e latero-lateral (USG musc RF-LL). Na avaliação do 3 o dia de permanência na UTI, da escala de Hecktmatt, obteve-se correlação negativa com a medida de USG musc RF-LL (r -0.313, p 0.008) e correlação positiva com o índice albumina/fibrinogênio (r 0.246, p 0.04). A partir da análise ROC comparando Heckmatt na admissão, o biomarcador com a melhor AUC da escala de Heckmatt no dia 3 com o restante das variáveis no mesmo dia, a PCR foi a mais representativa (AUC 0.753, p &lt; 0.001). A partir do resultado da análise ROC do USG musc RF-AP no dia 3, a relação albumina/fibrinogênio obteve uma AUC de 0.553. Os pontos de corte encontrados como preditores de sarcopenia-desnutrição foram: para USG musc RF-LL 1.56 (sensibilidade [S] 84%, especificidade [E] 82%), relação albumina/fibrinogênio foi 3.8 (S 84.6%, E 70.2%) e PCR 6.25 (S 92.3%, E 77.2%). A partir do resultado do modelo de regressão linear múltipla por entrada forçada tomando as variáveis do 3 o dia de internação, demonstrou-se que não há viés entre sarcopenia-desnutrição e as demais variáveis incluídas (biomarcadores e USG musc RF), demonstrando associação no resultado principal (sarcopenia), contribuindo juntos com até 31.9%, sendo estatisticamente significativo determinado pela comparação entre variáveis da análise ANOVA com valor de p 0.03.  Conclusões:  a avaliação nutricional à beira do leito por ultrassonografia é útil, assim como a avaliação por biomarcadores, dos quais a relação albumina-fibrinogênio e a PCR apresentaram melhores resultados. A medida do músculo reto femoral na porção látero-lateral, o índice de albumina/fibrinogênio e os níveis de PCR são preditores confiáveis de sarcopenia e desnutrição em pacientes em estado crítico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sarcopenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desnutrición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ultrasonido muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Heckmatt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[albúmina/ fibrinógeno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sarcopenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[malnutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[muscle ultrasound]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Heckmatt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[albumin/fibrinogen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sarcopenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desnutrição]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ultrassonografia muscular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Heckmatt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[albumina/fibrinogênio]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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