<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092022000100050</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/104476</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Terapia de electroestimulación para el tratamiento de la atrofia diafragmática inducida por ventilación mecánica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Electrostimulation therapy for the treatment of diaphragmatic atrophy induced by mechanical ventilation]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Terapia de eletroestimulação para o tratamento da atrofia diafragmática induzida por ventilação mecânica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas Favela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godínez García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beltrán de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juárez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cecilia Eloisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad del Bajío T1 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[León Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>50</fpage>
<lpage>54</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092022000100050&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092022000100050&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092022000100050&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  La atrofia y disfunción del músculo diafragmático es frecuente en pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica. La terapia de electroestimulación diafragmática transcutánea (TEDT) ha demostrado mejorar la fuerza en pacientes con debilidad muscular; sin embargo, no ha sido evaluada como tratamiento para la atrofia en la disfunción diafragmática inducida por ventilación mecánica (DDIVM).  Objetivo:  Determinar si la TEDT puede mejorar el grosor diafragmático de los pacientes que se encuentran bajo ventilación mecánica.  Material y métodos:  Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado en dos grupos independientes: un grupo intervención con 15 pacientes y un grupo control con 17 pacientes. El grupo de intervención recibió TEDT con sesiones de 20 minutos cada seis horas en las 72 horas subsecuentes a su inclusión al estudio. El grosor diafragmático basal fue medido mediante ecografía en ambos grupos, después de la TEDT para el grupo intervención y 72 horas después en el grupo control.  Resultados:  De los 32 pacientes evaluados se documentó una media de grosor diafragmático inicial para el grupo control de 2.04 ± 0.43 mm y de 1.9 ± 0.52 mm para el grupo intervención con un valor de p = 0.652. Posterior a la intervención, se registró una media de grosor diafragmático final de 1.7 ± 0.43 mm para el grupo control y 2.3 ± 0.55 mm para el grupo intervención con un valor de p = 0.002 al comparar ambos grupos.  Conclusión:  Se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en ambos grupos al aplicar la TEDT, evidenciando un aumento del grosor diafragmático basal en el grupo intervención y disminución del mismo en el grupo control.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  Muscle involvement in critically ill patients is present in the majority of those admitted to the intensive care unit, including alteration of the diaphragmatic muscle, especially during mechanical ventilation (MV). Transcutaneous diaphragmatic electrostimulation therapy (TEDT) has been shown to improve respiratory strength in patients with muscle weakness. However, it has not been evaluated as a treatment for atrophy in Ventilation-Induced Diaphragmatic Dysfunction (DDIVM).  Objective:  To determine if TEDT can improve diaphragmatic thickness in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.  Material and methods:  A randomized clinical trial was carried out in two independent groups: an intervention group with 15 patients and a control group with 17 patients. The intervention group received TEDT with sessions of 20 minutes every 6 hours in the 72 hours after their inclusion in the study. Baseline diaphragm thickness was measured by ultrasound in both groups, after TEDT for the intervention group and 72 hours later in the control group.  Results:  Of the 32 patients evaluated, a mean initial diaphragmatic thickness was documented for the control group of 2.04 ± 0.43 mm and of 1.9 ± 0.52 mm for the intervention group with a p value of 0.652. After the intervention, a mean final diaphragmatic thickness of 1.7 ± 0.43 mm was recorded for the control group and 2.3 ± 0.55 mm for the intervention group with a p value of 0.002 when comparing both groups.  Conclusion:  A statistically significant difference was found in both groups when applying TEDT, showing an increase in baseline diaphragmatic thickness in the intervention group and a decrease in it in the control group.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  Atrofia e disfunção do músculo diafragmático é comum em pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica. A terapia de estimulação elétrica diafragmática transcutânea (TEDT) demonstrou melhorar a força em pacientes com debilidade muscular, mas não foi avaliada como tratamento para atrofia na disfunção diafragmática induzida pela ventilação (DDIVM).  Objetivo:  Determinar se a TEDT pode melhorar a espessura diafragmática de pacientes com ventilação mecânica.  Material e métodos:  Realizou-se um ensaio clínico randomizado em 2 grupos independentes: um grupo intervenção com 15 pacientes e um grupo controle com 17 pacientes. O grupo intervenção recebeu TEDT com sessões de 20 minutos a cada 6 horas por 72 horas após a inclusão no estudo. A espessura diafragmática basal foi medida por ultra-som em ambos os grupos, após TEDT para o grupo de intervenção e 72 horas depois no grupo controle.  Resultados:  Dos 32 pacientes avaliados, (17 grupo controle, 15 grupo intervenção). Documentou-se uma média da espessura diafragmática basal para o grupo controle de 2.04 ± 0.43 mm e 1.9 ± 0.52 mm para o grupo intervenção com um valor de p = 0.652. Após a intervenção, foi registrada uma espessura média final do diafragma de 1.7 ± 0.43 mm para o grupo controle e 2.3 ± 0.55 mm para o grupo intervenção, com valor de p = 0.002 na comparação entre os dois grupos.  Conclusão:  Encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa em ambos os grupos na aplicação do TEDT, mostrando aumento da espessura basal do diafragma no grupo intervenção e diminuição da mesma no grupo controle.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[atrofia diafragmática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terapia de electroestimulación diafragmática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[grosor diafragmático]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mechanical ventilation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diaphragmatic atrophy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diaphragmatic electrostimulation therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diaphragmatic thickness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ventilação mecânica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[atrofia diafragmática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[terapia de eletroestimulação diafragmática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[espessura diafragmática]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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