<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092021000500263</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/102355</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica secundaria/síndrome de liberación de citoquinas por SARS-CoV-2: una revisión concisa]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohystiocytosis/cytokines release syndrome in SARS-CoV-2: a concise review]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica secundária/síndrome de liberação de citocina SARS-CoV-2: uma revisão concisa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Sómerson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Palomino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Urueña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoya Agudelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Rosario Méderi - Hospital Universitario Mayor ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica de la Mujer  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica CAFAM  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>263</fpage>
<lpage>268</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092021000500263&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092021000500263&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092021000500263&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Hay evidencia creciente de una desregulación del sistema inmune asociada a la infección por SARS-CoV-2, que se relaciona directamente con la severidad y la mortalidad por COVID-19. Niveles elevados de interleucinas, en especial IL-6, IL-1 y factor de necrosis tumoral alfa, disminuyen la actividad antiviral de interferón gamma e inducen un descenso en el recuento de linfocitos T y un estado de agotamiento inmune que lleva al deterioro clínico observado en estos pacientes. Este evento fisiopatológico ha sido llamado tormenta de citoquinas y resulta común a otras entidades como la linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica secundaria y el síndrome de activación macrofágica, visto en enfermedades autoinmunes. No hay criterios diagnósticos específicos para este síndrome de liberación de citoquinas asociado con COVID-19. Estos hallazgos abren la puerta a la utilización de tratamiento inmunomodulador, en especial a la terapia dirigida contra citoquinas, pero se requieren estudios clínicos que establezcan claramente la relación de riesgo y beneficio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: There is increasing evidence of a dysregulation of the immune system associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is directly related to COVID-19 severity and mortality. High levels of interleukins, especially IL-6, IL-1 and TNF alpha, decrease the anti-viral activity of interferon gamma and induce a decrease in the T lymphocyte count and a state of immune exhaustion that is associated with the clinical deterioration observed in these patients. This pathophysiological event has been called a cytokine storm and is common to other entities such as secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome seen in autoimmune diseases. There are no specific diagnostic criteria for this cytokine release syndrome associated with COVID-19. All these findings open the door to the use of immunodulatory treatment, especially therapy directed against cytokines, but clinical studies are required that clearly establish the risk-benefit ratio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Há evidências crescentes de uma desregulação do sistema imunológico associada à infecção por SARS-CoV-2, que está diretamente relacionada à gravidade e mortalidade de COVID-19. Altos níveis de interleucinas, especialmente IL-6, IL-1 e fator de necrose tumoral alfa, diminuem a atividade antiviral do interferon gama e induzem uma diminuição na contagem de linfócitos T e um estado de depleção imunológica que leva à deterioração clínica. observado nesses pacientes. Esse evento fisiopatológico foi denominado tempestade de citocinas e é comum a outras entidades, como a linfo-histiocitose hemofagocítica secundária e a síndrome de ativação de macrófagos, observadas em doenças autoimunes. Não há critérios de diagnóstico específicos para essa síndrome de liberação de citocinas associada ao COVID-19. Esses achados abrem as portas para o uso de tratamento imunodulatório, especialmente terapia direcionada contra citocinas, mas são necessários estudos clínicos que estabeleçam claramente a relação. risco e benefício.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tormenta de citoquinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cytokine storm]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hemophagocytic lymphohystiocytosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tempestade de citocinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pneumonia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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