2448-6442
2448-6442
S2448-64422024000100207
10.24201/es.2024v42.e2629
00
00
2024
00
00
2024
42
[
2022
42
2
2
]
[
2019
]
[
2024
]
[
2022
]
[
2019
49
2
2
121-38
]
[
2023
]
[
2020
74
74
2-11
]
[
2021
178-99
]
[
Freedom-House
2023
]
[
2022
]
[
2023
55
4
4
525-48
]
[
2021
]
[
International IDEA
2023
]
[
2000
33
6
6
845879
]
[
2021
28
8
8
1442-62
]
[
2018
29
4
4
]
[
2010
]
[
2018
]
[
1978
]
[
2021
28
5
5
1017-39
]
[
2019
26
7
7
10951113
]
[
2019
]
[
1999
29-55
]
[
2023
]
[
2018
62
1
1
16-42
]
[
2023
]
[
2023
]
[
2022
409-43
]
[
2024
]
[
2019
26
4
4
606-25
]
[
2000
]
[
1988
59-80
]
[
2005
123
3
3
253-73
]
[
2020
27
2
2
321-39
]
[
2023
35
35
]
[
2013
]
[
2018
85
2
2
545-84
]
[
2024
62-94
]
[
The Economist
2023
]
[
V-Dem
2022
]
[
2022
447-84
]
[
2023
1-25
]
[
2018
21
1
1
93-113
]